Volume 12, Issue 2, (2024)
Sources and Impacts of Dust Pollution in Iran: A Comprehensive Overview
Amirreza Talaie, Hesam Kamyab, Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan, Elham Khalili
Volume 12 | Issue 2 | Pages: 1-15 | PDF
Abstract: Dust pollution is an escalating environmental concern in Iran, profoundly impacting public health, agriculture, and infrastructure. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the sources, transport mechanisms, and socio-economic effects of dust storms while highlighting strategies for effective mitigation. Unsustainable land management practices and climate variability exacerbate dust generation, necessitating comprehensive governance reforms that integrate climate adaptation, land use planning, and pollution control. Enhanced research and monitoring efforts, including the use of satellite remote sensing, aerosol monitoring stations, and predictive models, are critical for identifying dust hotspots and assessing temporal trends. Expanding research to evaluate the socio-economic impacts of dust on agriculture, public health, and infrastructure is essential for formulating targeted policies. Furthermore, integrating predictive modeling with climate change projections provides valuable insights into future trends, enabling proactive adaptation strategies. Strengthening collaborations with international research institutions fosters knowledge transfer and aligns Iran’s initiatives with global best practices. Collectively, these efforts, when combined with public awareness campaigns and sustainable land management reforms, offer a comprehensive framework for addressing dust pollution and its associated challenges.
Keywords: Dust pollution mitigation, environmental governance, advanced monitoring techniques, socio-economic impacts of dust storms, predictive modeling, climate adaptation.
The Epidemiology of Chronic Pain: A Global Health Crisis
Kymbat Sh. Tussupkalieva, Gulzhan A. Tulegenova
Volume 12 | Issue 2 | Pages: 16-20 | PDF
Abstract: Chronic pain, defined as pain lasting longer than three months, has become a global health crisis, significantly impacting individuals, healthcare systems, and economies. This paper examines the epidemiology of chronic pain, highlighting its widespread prevalence, diverse causes, and debilitating consequences. We delve into the complex interplay of factors contributing to chronic pain, including injury, disease, genetics, and psychological factors. The paper explores the impact of chronic pain on individuals’ quality of life, physical function, mental health, and socioeconomic status. We further discuss the challenges of diagnosing and managing chronic pain, considering the subjective nature of pain perception, the complexity of underlying causes, and the limitations of existing treatments. Finally, we examine strategies for mitigating the burden of chronic pain, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary approaches, early intervention, access to effective treatment, and public awareness campaigns.
Keywords: Chronic pain, epidemiology, prevalence, causes, consequences, quality of life, physical function, mental health, socioeconomic status, diagnosis, treatment, multidisciplinary approach, public health, awareness
The Effects of Noise Pollution on the Cell Senescence
Tahereh Talaei-Khozani
Volume 12 | Issue 2 | Pages: 21-26 | PDF
Abstract: Noise pollution, primarily caused by human activities, refers to unwanted ambient noise that adversely affects quality of life and health. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) suggest a safe noise exposure level of 70 dB. Noise pollution can lead to significant health issues. It is supposed that noise pollution accelerates cellular senescence, characterized by cell cycle arrest, metabolic changes, inducing inflammation. Although there is no direct evidence to show the relation of noise exposure and induction of cell senescence, the noise pollution often mediated some key proteins involve in cell senescence like p53 and AMPK. It also affects mitochondrial function, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), reduced telomerase activity and change in pro-inflammatory cytokines. Chronic noise exposure alters cellular signaling pathways and metabolic responses, highlighting the need for further understanding of its impact on health and aging. Overall, noise pollution poses significant risks to human health and cellular dynamics, necessitating attention to environmental noise levels.
Keywords: Noise pollution, cellular senescence, health impact, mitochondrial function, chronic exposure
The Role of Biochar in Soil Remediation and Carbon Sequestration
Mohanadoss Ponraj, Athiappan Murugan, Subbarayalu Alagendran
Volume 12 | Issue 2 | Pages: 27-32 | PDF
Abstract: Biochar, a carbon-rich material produced through the pyrolysis of biomass, has garnered significant attention for its dual role in soil remediation and carbon sequestration. This article explores the mechanisms by which biochar improves soil health, remediates contaminated soils, and contributes to long-term carbon storage. Recent studies highlight biochar's ability to enhance soil fertility, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and immobilize heavy metals and organic pollutants. The chemical properties of biochar, including its high surface area, porosity, and cation exchange capacity, are critical to its effectiveness. This article also discusses the potential of biochar to mitigate climate change by sequestering carbon in soils for centuries. Challenges related to production, application, and long-term impacts require further research.
Keywords: Biochar, soil remediation, carbon sequestration, heavy metal immobilization, greenhouse gas reduction
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