The Role and Features of Resource-Saving Processes in Modern Conditions of Managing the National Economy and the Implementation of State Strategic Initiatives

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 426-431

J. Environ. Treat. Tech.

ISSN: 2309-1185

Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com

The Role and Features of Resource-Saving

Processes in Modern Conditions of Managing the

National Economy and the Implementation of

State Strategic Initiatives

Irina P. Bogomolova *, Elena. I Krivenko , Anna A. Larionova , Oksana V. Takhumova , Vasily I.

Eroshenko , Natalia A. Zaitseva

Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Department of Management, Organization of Production and Sectoral

Economics, Voronezh, Russia

The Kosygin State University of Russia, Russia (Technology. Design. Art), Department of Economic Security, Audit and

Controlling, Moscow, Russia

Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilina, Department of Economic Analysis, Krasnodar, Russia

Moscow Pedagogical State University, Department of Ecology and Nature Resources Management, Russia. Moscow, Russia

Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Department of Hospitality, Tourism and Sports Industry, Moscow, Russia

Received: 30/03/2019

Accepted: 11/06/2019

Published: 30/09/2019

Abstract

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the preparation of this article is to determine the substantive essence of resource-saving

activities at the level of state regulatory management, identify problem points, specific features and key trends in the aspect of

medium and long-term planning. Methodology: The leading approach to the study of this problem was the content analysis of

scientific-theoretical and practical materials, expert assessments of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of resource

conservation, strategic planning and tactical development of the state regulatory mechanism. Results: The results of the study are that

the authors described the features of resource-saving processes, as well as their principles, methods, directions and approaches, which

formed the basis for the formation of a range of key tasks aimed at implementing resource-saving policies at the government level.

Applications of this study: The theoretical significance of the article’s materials consists in deepening and expanding the scientific

and methodological approaches to the interpretation of the category “resource saving”, in the course of which the substantive essence

of this definition was established. The materials of the article are of practical importance and can be used in the development of

strategic programs for resource conservation and resource efficiency at the regional and national levels, as well as in training

personnel for this field of activity. Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of the research results lies in the fact that the state

instruments for activating and regulating the process of resource saving were clarified, and conceptual provisions were developed to

provide for the process of transition of the national economy of the Russian Federation to the path of resource-saving development.

The originality of the research consists in the systematization of foreign experience, which determined the fundamental basis of the

tasks in the implementation of resource-saving policy at the governmental level.

Keywords Resource Efficiency, National Economy, Public Administration, Competitiveness, Strategy, Resource Saving

high competitive struggle for markets and resources, tensions

Introduction

in the social and environmental spheres prove the need to

form a sustainable and balanced vector of socio-economic,

industrial, technological and scientific and technological

development (4,7,8,23). The real sector of the economy, the

basis of which consists of leading industrial complexes and

associations, today needs to be stepped up, including through

the widespread use of resource-oriented methods and

approaches. This tool, against the background of a shortage

In recent years, priorities in the global economic space

have been dominated by increasing food, economic and

national security (6,28). The escalation of political instability,

Corresponding author: Irina P. Bogomolova, Voronezh

State University of Engineering Technologies, Department of

Management, Organization of Production and Sectoral

Economics, Voronezh, Russia. E-mail: uopioe@yandex.ru.

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2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 426-431

of resources and their high cost, has significant hidden

potential to provide a breakthrough type of development of

the latter. In this context, in many countries of the world, this

kind of initiative projects have acquired the status of state

policy with long-term prospects. This kind of state regulatory

mechanism should have a number of specific properties, and,

in particular: complexity, consistency, science, objectivity

and be program-targeted in nature. Note that this mechanism

should involve the use of various tools of a flexible and

adaptive type and affect all spheres of economic activity of

the national economy. The success of many large-scale

projects that are nationwide, such as sectoral modernization

of production and technological systems, raising the

informational capacity of society, digitalization of the

economy is largely determined by the scope of energy and

resource consumption, as well as resource efficiency.

In the list of strategic initiatives of state management of

the process of improving the level of resource efficiency the

following initiatives will be highlighted: the complementarity

of the objectives of the processes of resource-saving and

environmental activities based on the use of low- and non-

waste technologies; the maximum concentration of scientific,

technical and economic potential in the direction of the

development and implementation of energy-efficient

technical systems with low resource consumption;

stabilization and balance of import dependence on the supply

of all kinds of resources, equipment and technologies; giving

resource-saving policy the properties of clear structuring.

These areas are the most important tools to ensure

sustainable growth, balanced development and competitive

functioning of the real sector of the national economy in the

modern world space.

level of state regulatory management, identifying problem

points, specific features and key trends in the aspect of

medium and long-term strategy.

Literature Review

Consider the basic scientific approaches to the definition

of the essence and meaningful sense of the category

"resource saving" (table 1).

Table 1: Basic approaches to the interpretation of the

category "resource saving"

Author

Treatment

Activities, methods, processes, a set of

organizational and technical measures and

activities that accompany all stages of the

life cycle of objects and aimed at the

rational use and economic use of resources

One of the forms of realization of reserves

of production associated with the maximum

G.Ya. Vagin

et al. (25)

A.N.

Azriliyan (3) savings in the production of material

resources

A.A.

Kalenyuk

Resource conservation should be aimed at

improving the efficiency of resource use.

(

15)

G.A.

Beznosov

Resources are used in an integrated and

scientifically sound manner

(

One of the important ways to improve

production efficiency. The main areas of

resource saving are the introduction of

Thus, the issues of raising the level of resource saving

and resource efficiency is a nationwide level and modern

states set priority tasks corresponding to the designated trend

and development vector, which proves a particular degree of

relevance and perspective significance of the scientific study

of this spectrum of issues based on the application of

advanced knowledge and experience of progressive economic

thought.

I.N.

Gerchikova

resource-saving

equipment

and

(

12)

technologies that allow to reduce material

consumption of products

The effectiveness of the interaction of

certain types of resources in the production

process, their best combination

I.I. Gizyatov

(13)

E.A.

Shokolenko

(20)

The process of formation of the resource

potential as the basis of economic

development

Methodological Basis

The methodological basis of the research was the work of

domestic and foreign scientists in the field of strategic

planning and tactical development of the state regulatory

mechanism aimed at increasing the level of resource saving

and the efficiency of production-technological and socio-

economic systems. During the development of conceptual

theoretical foundations, information and analytical data, as

well as in the process of achieving goals and objectives, we

used a whole block of scientific methods and approaches. In

particular, the following most common scientific approaches

were applied: systemic, situational, logical, dialectical and

processual. Among the methods of empirical, theoretical and

general scientific groups it is worth noting: description,

comparison, expert assessment, analysis, synthesis,

Goals, objectives and problems associated with

improving the efficiency of the economy, including through

the use of resource-saving methods and approaches, are

priorities and relevant in all countries of the world, including

for our country. In the domestic literature there are many

definitions of resource saving, used in economics. Note that

V. Meshalkin et al. understands resource-oriented as a

purposeful process (research, project, educational,

production,

economic,

organizational,

managerial),

implemented with the involvement of the most progressive

intellectual and information resources, aimed at reducing the

specific indicators of resource consumption and increasing

the overall level resource efficiency in compliance with the

basic provisions of national and international regulatory

support (17).

deduction,

reflection,

generalization,

concretization,

abstraction, as well as abstract logical and graphical methods.

The methods of the axiomatic and hypothetical group of

knowledge were also applied. The use of these scientific

methods and approaches in the complex allowed determining

the substantive essence of resource-saving activities at the

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2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 426-431

In particular, I.P. Vorotnikov notes that resource saving is

a complex process and a focused type of activity focused on

the preservation and rational use of all available resources

alternative energy sources. Various benefits and government

incentives are enjoyed by producers and consumers of

environmentally friendly transport; production associations

and individual business entities using equipment and

technologies operating from alternative energy sources. For

example, the mechanism of concessional lending applies to

enterprises and organizations that replace the use of oil with

coal. This form of economic incentives and support is

provided by the Japanese Development Bank (the interest

rate on these projects is 8-10% lower than the average level).

The same measure applies to activities that lead to an

increase in energy efficiency by more than 20% (22). Tax

breaks and vacations are very active. So, if an enterprise

(resource potential). In general terms, this is a specific list of

activities that reduce the resource consumption of production

and economic activity (27). This interpretation has specific

limitations due to the fact that the author focuses solely on

minimizing the use of resources, not taking into account

indicators of efficiency and productivity. Important for

modern production systems is not the minimization of

resource costs, but an increase in the specific resource

efficiency (the volume of finished product output per unit of

source resource used). Also, relevant issues remain:

minimizing losses, optimizing the supply of resources, their

harvesting and storage, identifying resource reserves,

reducing resource intensity, increasing the depth and

complexity of using raw materials, rationalizing the use of

secondary raw materials and waste (regeneration, recovery,

recycling).

In the economic encyclopedia, the process of resource

conservation is considered not only in the industrial sphere,

but also in the sphere of consumption (9). In our opinion, this

approach is very logical and legitimate, since excellent areas

from production also have serious prerequisites for

optimizing the process of resource consumption.

According to A.P. Vorontsov, whose position we fully

share, resource saving is a complex of universal and specific

tools aimed at rationalization and effective use of all factors

of production (technical and technological, economic,

financial, labor, information, transport and logistics,

intellectual, innovative) (26). Thus, the process of raising the

level of resource saving and resource efficiency forms the

general character, principles of using the resource base

acquired technological equipment with

a high energy

efficiency index and put it into operation within one year

after the acquisition, then this enterprise can use the

following options of tax schemes: 1) for enterprises of the

“small business” category - a tax credit of 7% of the initial

cost of the equipment, which may not exceed 20% of the

income tax and / or corporate tax paid; 2) for all other

enterprises - the tax deduction cannot exceed 30% of the base

value of the equipment at the time of its acquisition (1).

Similarly, to the noted initiatives implemented in Japan,

the very active policies of the "green economy" began to be

implemented in India and China. Great achievements should

be noted in the production of technical systems that collect,

accumulate and use wind and solar energy. In particular, the

PRC plans to increase the share of renewable energy sources

to 15% in the near future by means of production and the

widespread introduction of so-called "clean" technologies. In

South Korea today, the national program of "green growth" is

being implemented with the direct participation and support

of the state (21,22).

(

material, labor, scientific, etc.), and also includes a set of

In Denmark, as early as 1976, the energy plan for

reducing the dependence of the national economy on oil

imports was approved and began to be implemented. In order

to increase energy conservation in Denmark, specific state-

level program activities are being implemented to provide

organizational, financial, legal and informational and

consulting assistance for the introduction of energy-saving

technologies in both production and household activities. In

such countries as the Netherlands, Japan, Belgium, Germany,

France, and the UK, projects for the construction of “eco-

cities” have been implemented for a long time, which will

make the most of the use of alternative energy sources and

have a minimal impact on the environment. Also, in these

countries there have long been the so-called "ecoparks",

which are multifunctional recreational areas of the new

generation.

In France, at the state level, there is a large financial

support for energy saving measures in various sectoral areas

of management (on average, at least 25-30% of the initial

cost). Also, direct state financing of resource-saving projects

in the non-industrial sector is being implemented. Special

attention is paid to small and medium-sized businesses.

Concessional lending of this type of measures is implemented

at a reduced rate of 8-10%.

methods and approaches aimed at improving the efficiency,

multifunctionality and competitiveness of various areas of

economic activity based on the use of tools to optimize and

rationalize resource use.

Results

In order to develop more effective tools and mechanisms

of state regulation of the process of raising the level of

resource efficiency of the national economy and certain

sectoral economic structures, we will conduct an analysis of

foreign experience regarding the set subject area of research.

In this context, it is quite remarkable and logical to consider

the experience of Japan, which, apart from actively

participating in international projects in the field of

environmental protection and environmental protection, quite

successfully implements state initiative solutions aimed at

improving energy efficiency, developing alternative energy

sources, creating reliable and high-capacity reserves raw

materials and supplies. Japan has a goal - by 2025 to increase

the share of the use of renewable energy by 2 times and reach

the highest rate in the world - 20%. According to the goals

and objectives presented in the energy strategy of Japan, by

030 it should increase the self-sufficiency in energy from

8% to 70%.

To implement these facilities in practice, a whole range

In the USA and the UK, there is a real opportunity to

receive interest-free loans, as well as real organizational,

informational and legal support for the renovation of

buildings, the purchase of equipment for energy efficiency

of tools will be applied, in particular, financial support

subsidies, preferential loans) to the population, industrial

enterprises, and other organizations that actively use

(

10).

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2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 426-431

The implementation of a clear and logically structured

state policy in the field of improving the resource efficiency

of the economy has allowed many European countries to

achieve high indicators of rationality, productivity and thrift.

In particular, Germany is an example in the field of

audit) (19) For the solution designated by the state has a

whole set of tools (Fig. 2).

organizing

a "green economy"; by rationalizing the

processing of secondary raw materials and waste, German

industry provides about 15% of the total amount of consumed

energy and resources. Timely and effective government

policy in the promotion of initiative projects in the field of

Figure 2: State instruments for enhancing and regulating the process

of resource saving

green industry" has led to the fact that currently more than

0% of the total energy consumption of Germany, Italy,

In order to solve a number of issues of environmental

management and resource conservation in particular,

complex techniques are needed to study the transition of the

national economy to the path of a resource-saving type of

development, environmental management, and environmental

safety. This methodology should include the conceptual

provisions shown in Fig. 3.

Spain is provided through the use of renewable energy

sources (19).

In our country, the implementation of such events and

projects is not at the proper level. Today, of course, there are

real achievements and results. But they are exclusively point-

like project type. One of the main problems is the lack of a

clear strategy for innovation and energy saving policy. An

important problem is the lack of domestic resource-saving

technologies and industrial equipment that meet the

requirements of high efficiency of resource consumption. In

these circumstances, the process of resource conservation is

both a factor and a result of the sustainable development of

the national economy. High competitive environment focuses

modern economic entities on minimizing the costs (direct and

indirect) of production, implementing an active policy to

reduce the cost of final products, rationalize the use of the

entire available resource potential in order to increase

production capitalization, increase profitability, profitability

and competitiveness. The main tasks of the state resource-

saving policy are presented in fig. 1 (16).

Figure 3: Conceptual provisions of the methodological support of the

process of transition of the national economy of Russia to the path of

resource-saving development

The development and implementation of such an

integrated methodology for strategic management of

environmental management and resource saving will allow,

with a fairly high degree of probability, to predict the

development of the processes under study both in the

economy as a whole and in its individual sectors (for certain

types of resources: subsoil, forest, water resources, energy

consumption, use of secondary waste and raw materials,

minimization of losses, increasing the depth of processing of

raw materials, optimal schemes for the formation of material

and technical and raw materials supply, human resources,

etc.), as well as to develop a set of measures to improve the

quality of implementation of public functions in the field of

environmental protection and rational use of resources (18).

In terms of improving regulatory legislation, the

Government of the Russian Federation has currently

approved the Industry Development Strategy for the

Treatment, Disposal and decontamination of Production and

Consumption Wastes for the Period up to 2030 (approved no.

Figure 1: The main objectives of the implementation of

resource-saving policy at the level of government control

Economic include: fiscal and price regulation, benefits

and subsidies, fines and surcharges. Administrative include:

the organization of the functioning of public services and

bodies in the field of supervision, control and regulation of

economic activities of state and business structures, in the

context of compliance with environmental safety and

enhancing resource-saving processes. Also, this includes

information and consulting support. Regulatory and

legislative include: the development of legislative and

regulatory documents that reglament processes in the field of

environmental management, environmental protection and

resource conservation (law, standard, license, certificate,

4-р dated January 25, 2008).

The strategy, being

sectoral strategic planning

document of the Russian Federation, defines goals and

objectives, ways to achieve them effectively (decisions),

priorities, and the implementation stages of state policy in the

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2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 426-431

field of formation and development in the long-term

perspective of the industry for processing, recycling and

neutralizing industrial and consumer waste, including

municipal solid waste. This document is the basis for the

formation and implementation of state industrial and

scientific-technological policy at the federal, regional,

municipal and sectoral levels in the field of waste treatment,

disposal and deontamination, resource conservation and

waste involvement in economic circulation. This regulatory

legal act is aimed at the formation and future development of

a new industry for the treatment, recycling and disposal of

waste, which unites in its infrastructure: business entities

implementing activities to create, produce and release

equipment, technologies, installations, equipment for

processing, recycling and waste disposal; research and

development organizations, institutions engaged in the

development of innovative technologies for resource

conservation, processing, recycling and disposal of waste;

economic entities of one or several sectors of the economy

engaged in the processing, recycling and disposal of waste,

production of secondary raw materials.

of transition of the national economy of the Russian

Federation to the path of resource-saving development This

fact, which, in turn, is confirmed by state initiative decisions

for the long-term perspective (Strategy for the development

of industry in the processing, recycling and disposal of

industrial and consumer waste for the period up to 2030).

Conclusion

In order to be a competitive state in the international

arena, as well as to maintain its economic, food and national

security, completely different approaches are now required in

terms of rationalization, increasing productivity and resource

efficiency of various socio-economic systems. In the context

of global political instability, the permanent growth of the

cost of resources, as well as the pronounced shortage of the

latter, resource-oriented methods and approaches acquire

extraordinary significance and a high degree of relevance.

This direction is the most important factor in enhancing the

production and economic potential, increasing capitalization,

the level of competitiveness and innovativeness of both

individual industry sectors and the entire national economy.

Based on foreign experience in implementing state

regulatory management in the field of resource consumption

and resource efficiency, the list of key tasks for implementing

resource-saving policies at the government level was

clarified, state tools were developed to enhance and regulate

the resource saving process, and conceptual guidelines were

developed to ensure the transition of the Russian national

economy to the path of resource development.

modern strategic approach to environmental

management and resource conservation should also take into

account the fundamental trends to strengthen the role of

innovative development factors. Therefore, innovation,

including in the field of environmental and resource-saving

activities, should be the basis of the strategic policy of all

economic entities, and individual enterprises, and regional

authorities, and the state as a whole (2,11,14).

The application of these developments in practice will

allow a more objective and complete look at the problem of

the resource efficiency of the national economy, to move

away from fragmented programmatic actions in the area of

improving the efficiency of utilization of the resource

potential and rational processing of industrial wastes as well

Discussions

The study showed that at the current moment programs

and strategies for the development of production and

economic systems of a resource-saving type are a priority

task of the state regulatory management in tactical and

strategic terms. In particular, production with high resource

consumption, which have a low utilization rate of secondary

raw materials, the depth of processing of initial resources, as

well as a large negative environmental impact on the

environment deserve special attention. A study of foreign

experience in state regulation of raising the level of resource

efficiency of various socio-economic and production and

technical areas of entrepreneurial activity made it possible to

formulate key tasks for implementing resource-saving

policies in Russia at the level of government, and also to

work out the basic provisions of the methodological process

of transition of the Russian national economy to the path of

resource development. It was also noted that at present the

Government of the Russian Federation has approved the

Industry Development Strategy for the Treatment, Disposal

and decontamination of Production and Consumption Wastes

for the Period up to 2030. This document defines the basic

directions, goals and objectives, indicators, as well as

mechanisms and tools for implementation and control

program activities in the field of formation and development

of the industry for the treatment, recycling and disposal of

industrial and consumer waste.

as secondary resources towards

a logical, high-level

structured development strategies of production and

economic systems, based on the application of well-

established methodological support of the transition process

of the Russian economy on the path of development of

resource-saving.

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