Transformation of Student Everyday Communication under New Media Influence

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 394-398

Transformation of Student Everyday

Communication under New Media Influence

Bika B. Dzhamalova *, Irina V. Leusenko , Rim F. Shaekhov , Boris V. Ilkevich , Vladislav F.

Antonov , Natalia V. Kovaleva , Guzel B. Sayfutdinova

North-Caucasian Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice or Russia),

Makhachkala, Russia. E-mail: bika.dzhamalova.85@mail.ru

Rostov Institute (Branch), All-Russian State University of Justice (RPA of the Ministry of Justice or Russia), Rostov on Don,

Russia. E-mail: fpkruy@mail.ru

Head of Training and Combat Units Course, Perm Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Perm, Russia. E-mail:

rimshaehov@yandex.ru

Rector, Gzhel State University, Elektroizolyator, Russia. E-mail: ilk_bv@mail.ru

Department of State Legal and Criminal Law Disciplines, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia. E-mail:

592606@bk.ru

Department of Legal Regulation of Economic Activity, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation,

Moscow, Russia. E-mail: doctor.kovaleva.nv@yandex.ru

Department of History and Pedagogy, Kazan State Power Engineering University, Kazan, Russia. E-mail: guzelsai@mail.ru

*Corresponding author email: bika.dzhamalova.85@mail.ru

Received: 01/07/2019 Accepted: 10/08/2019 Published: 20/08/2019

Abstract

Relevance of the research: the Relevance of this article is to understand the revolutionary changes taking place in everyday

communication in the era of Informatization, both at the level of global trends and at the level of everyday practices and meanings, as

the information society is characterized by the lack of authority, stability, clear rules, social patterns that can be followed. It is

thoroughly imbued with the idea of multi-variance and extreme individualization. The aim of the study is to analyze the process of

transformation of everyday communication under the influence of the Internet among students. Research methods: the Leading

method for the study of this problem is the interview method, which allows analyzing the process of transformation of daily

communications of young people under the influence of new media, to establish the impact of Internet technologies on

communication and connection with the close environment. Results: The article describes the main theoretical approaches to the

definition and problems of new media. The role of new media and the Internet in the context of the information society is analyzed.

The influence of new media on everyday communication practices of students-Internet users is defined. The daily practice of

communication of young people is described. The novelty and originality of the study is that it is shown that among young people

there is an active desire for personal communication and contrary to all expectations, the use of social networks for professional

purposes (dialogue with colleagues) and entertainment (watching videos, listening to audio). Users of this age group actively use the

opportunity to produce their lives on a personal page in various social networks, posting photos of significant pleasant events,

themselves in a decent appearance and surrounded by acceptable-looking people. It is found that social networks are actively used by

informants to track the events of the personal life of other users familiar to them in the real space. Users see great advantages in the

presence of remote technologies that allow them to communicate with their relatives and friends, with whom frequent personal

meetings are impossible, but here they assume the opposite - the substitution of personal meetings with video communication, which

is undoubtedly, from their point of view - a minus. The advantages include the possibility of a more careful choice of the interlocutor

and voicing the original purpose of communication in the network space, the disadvantages - the probability of behavioral adjustment

of both interlocutors, as well as the lack of an opportunity to understand and see the emotions of a person. Practical significance: the

data obtained in the work can be used in age psychology, ethno-psychology, social psychology, pedagogy, sociology, as well as for

further theoretical development of this issue.

Keywords: Internet users, communication practices, social networks, new media.

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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 394-398

possibilities of access to political information for the citizens

themselves, which is a priori true in an elected democracy.

Secondly, the interactivity of technologies allows you to

request the necessary information, Express your point of view

and require personal answers from their representatives,

regardless of their status and geographical location, both

through official sites and through social networks.

In accordance with the focus of our research, directly in

the study of communications, we are interested in two

approaches: sociological and psychological. The first allows

us to describe the trends of communication processes in

society as a whole, and the second - to analyze individual

practices. Modern analysis of communication is carried out at

the intersection of psychology and sociology, which have

opened many models of communication, which today set the

paradigm in the study of communicative processes (6, 10, 11,

Introduction

Researchers of different approaches to the study of mass

communications differ in the question of whether the

transformation of the means of communication occurs

because of the emergence of new technologies or is a

consequence of more global historical changes. It is

important to note that the history of the Russian Internet, as

well as in the United States originates in the development of

scientists of the military-industrial complex. The first

attempts to create a network in the Soviet Union, according to

B.N. Malinovsky (1995) date back to 1952. "The system was

developed in the event of war to transmit information, as

telephone lines are often out of order" (24). It should be noted

that the technological capabilities of the first networks

provided for high qualification of their users. Creating sites

was really a time-consuming process, which also meant

adapting to different user software.

In the 1990s, the Internet combined most of the networks

that existed at that time. The Association looked attractive

due to the lack of a single management, as well as due to the

openness of technical standards of the Internet, which made

the network independent from business and specific

companies (3, 5, 12, 21, 25, 27, 30, 33).

The Internet plays a key role in the information society.

The Internet technologies are used in the economy, politics,

art, and everyday interactions etc (1, 2, 7, 10, 11, 13, 22, 28).

Computer networks are a source of values and interests of

users. A huge number of virtual communities, completely

unrelated to each other, evidences this, which do not

represent any integral system of social rules. Due to the

duality of the Internet as a phenomenon of technological

progress, let us define our neutral position from the point of

view of morality or other emotional components in relation to

the effect or influence produced by new media on the real life

of users, as our task is to describe and explain the facts,

cause-and-effect relationships that are important (4, 9, 16, 17,

9, 29).

The term communication appears in the scientific

literature at the beginning of the XX century. Currently, it has

at least three interpretations - understood as a means of

communication of any objects of the material and spiritual

world; communication - transfer) of information from person

to person; transfer and exchange of information in society in

order to influence it (14).

Communication is a prerequisite for the functioning and

development of all social systems, as it provides a link

between people, allows you to accumulate and transfer social

experience, ensures the division of labor and the organization

of joint activities, management, broadcasting of culture. In

the process of direct communication between people

communication, inextricably linked with their psychological

interaction, only in abstraction can be considered as an

independent

information

form

interpersonal

communication (8, 14).

One of the most important components of everyday life,

in our opinion, are the communicative practices, through

which the constructs of the first order are formed.

Let us turn to the term of practice and its meaning in our

work. In his book, V.V. Volkov and O.V. Kharkhordin

8, 23, 26).

Since the Internet is becoming the primary means of

communication and organization in all spheres of activity, it

seems only natural that social movements and the political

process have used and will continue to use the Network to an

increasing extent, as a source that is becoming the main

instrument of activity, information, recruitment, organization,

domination and counter-domination.

Today, every civilized country has an e-government, in

every region there is an Internet resource for the provision of

services to the population, in the state Duma of the Russian

Federation in 2013, a Subcommittee on the Internet and the

development of electronic democracy has been created. The

development of Internet technologies in the modern world

coincides with the spread of other forms of network

organization of human life. Such creeping growth of network

forms, according to D.N. Peskov (2004) is an absolute threat

to the traditional understanding of politics as a set of relations

about power. Such an interpretation sounds like a warning

about the danger lurking in the transformation of the basic

concepts of any civilized society.

(

2008) designate it as "the usual way to think or act a certain

way" (34).

Practices, in their opinion, are divided into two types:

background and revealing. The former serve as a background

to ordinary actions, are routine and little understood, in the

simplest form it is the activity-based context in which

communication or behavior is interpreted. The second, means

the disclosure of a particular identity on the background - a

reference to the public array of knowledge about how the

nature of things is built and how works this culture. By the

revealing nature of practices, researchers understand "various

ordered sets of skills of appropriate activities, which at the

same time reveal the possibility of a person to take place in a

particular social quality (doctor, politician, father, carpenter,

woman, etc.) (34).

V.P. Goncharov (2011) hypothesizes that thanks to the

Internet, a new type of personality is being formed, focused

on being constantly in communication with others, needing to

constantly notify others of its existence. Such a person should

always be in touch (15).

Summarizing our appeal to the sphere of politics, which

is undergoing changes under the influence of the Internet, it is

worth noting that technologically the Internet is possible as

an ideal tool for democracy. First, it opens up entirely new

The man of the Internet era wants to be in the focus of

attention, in the center of his/her own communication web.

This does not replace traditional friendship and traditional

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2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 394-398

social ties - they are still lacking modern man. This is a

fundamentally new kind of relationship, which is not

expected to be a substitute for real interaction. They are self-

valuable in the quality that is peculiar to them.

answering additional questions, the interviewees thought that

technology might also reduce the likelihood of meeting with

these people in real space (17%), because the information

component suits the interlocutors and makes

a priori

unnecessary trip to another city and, especially, the country.

Therefore, talking about remote contacts, students came

to two possible scenarios. The first is that the Internet allows

you to maintain relationships, which without it, most likely,

over time, have lost their strength, the second - in reducing

the chances of face-to-face communication, emotional

distance. For example, there were the following answers:

Materials and Methods

The aim of our study is to describe the transformation of

everyday communication practices of users under the

influence of the Internet. The objectives of the study are:

To describe everyday processes of user

communication:

"...if there was no Internet at all, I think I would have lost



determine the dominant type of

contact with many people, because I still write letters, at least

now I cannot imagine that I, for example, write a letter to

Germany, it comes there in a month, then a month later back.

No matter how long it takes, it is very difficult and no matter

what the relationship between people is, eventually... Yes, of

course, it can be supported so already somehow more

formally, but to communicate closely, to discuss some events

together, it will already be impossible, because while you

send this news, it will already be irrelevant and not new"

communication: direct (face to face) or mediated by technical

means;



To identify the most popular groups of

communication agents (family, colleagues, friends, etc.).

. To analyze the social circle of users and socio-

demographic

affiliation.

characteristics,

interests,

professional

. To assess the degree of the Internet influence on the

nature of communications, according to users.

. To carry out a comparative analysis of communicative

(young man, 20 years).

The most popular in Russia, according to students (98%),

practices of informants before/after the integration of new

media in everyday life.

is the network Vkontakte. All students without exception are

registered in this social network. It should be noted that not

only communication with relatives attracts users to visit this

social network. For 89% the interesting and useful is the

content of the resource. The representation of your

personality with the help of a personal page Vkontakte is

estimated by users as a really successful tool for constructing

your image (98%), by broadcasting your mood in music,

status, reflection of life events in albums, more often it is a

trip or event, the fact of participation in which you want to

share with friends and get your share of recognition,

evaluation of your activity, etc. These actions and meanings

are clearly formed in the trend of modern men to report

themselves in a virtual environment, and even in a somewhat

new, up to this point is not known the need for self-

realization in the virtual space.

. Identify current trends in building interpersonal

relations of gender, professional and other nature in the real

and virtual space.

. To describe predictive representations of informants

concerning the direction of development of everyday

communicative practices.

In accordance with the objectives of the study, we

interviewed twelve people - Internet users, male and female,

different sex, social status, professional affiliation, randomly

selected. According to the age criterion, the informants were

defined in the age group: eighteen - thirty, defined as youth

(

35).

Results

Because

designated

desire

for

personal

It seems logical to refer to the social network for

observation, tracking the life events of interesting participants

communications, the communication circle responds to a few

General parameters:

(79%). Because of the above-mentioned, the informants tried



Geographical location in the city (place of birth

to answer one of the main questions of our research: what is

the impact of the Internet on our daily communication and

relationships between people? To understand the impact of

the Internet on interpersonal interactions, users compared

mediated technology and personal communication with

people. The main advantages of the latter, according to the

informants, are reduced to the exchange of emotions and

tactile sensations (67%), there were assumptions about the

increase in the level of communication among students-users

or frequent stay).



At least one face-to-face meeting.

Primary coincidence of the circle of Internet

communication with the real one.

In General, the geography of communication of the

surveyed users is very extensive, from quite close cities of

Russia: Togliatti, Kazan, and Moscow to Irkutsk,

Vladivostok, as well as cities in other countries. Accordingly,

the interviewees use a variety of different programs and web

resources to maintain relationships with friends, family and

colleagues living in these communities. Let us denote the

tendency of the informants' perception of this technology as

an external expansion of a person, an opportunity to maintain

relations at a distance with their loved ones. It is interesting

that in this way 21% of informants try to keep the same circle

of communication from school or student times, for example,

consciously rejecting the chances to meet new people in

another host city, explaining this approach by the desire to

maintain long-term and stable friendships or kinship. While

(38%), for whom in real life communication is associated

with some stress. We see here a direct indication of the

psychological function of Internet technologies, the presence

of which in the lives of people with disabilities, for example,

contributes to their integration into society at a higher level

than traditional media or personal communications.

Reflecting on the influence of the Internet, in General, users

distinguish both minuses and pluses, clearly indicating their

position in the pursuit of personal communication. However,

the high level of concern among female informants in this

category is related to Internet technologies and gadgets in

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General in the younger generation (73%). In the widespread

use of technical innovations, early introduction into virtual

communication of children and adolescents, older users see a

threat to youth's social development, expressed in the

processes of de-integration and dis-adaptation in real time

and space (31, 32).

Due to the above-mentioned direction of development,

users compared the processes of emergence and development

of communications in their daily lives before the Internet,

with the present moment.

allow them to communicate with their relatives and friends,

with whom frequent personal meetings are impossible, but

here they assume the opposite - the substitution of personal

meetings with video communication, which is undoubtedly,

from their point of view - a minus.

The advantages, in their opinion, also include the

possibility of more careful choice of the interlocutor and

voicing the original purpose of communication in the network

space, the disadvantages - the probability of behavioral

adjustment of both interlocutors, as well as the inability to

understand and see the emotions of a person, which often

leads to incorrect interpretation of speech and

misunderstanding. During the survey of students, we also

identified a rather dangerous trend for traditional stable

relations to a completely different construction of the attitude

we are a group or they are a group in modern families, when

two generations do not choose each other in a close circle of

communication, and build relationships with interlocutors,

based on the coincidence of interests, regardless of

localization.

Users' predictions about the future of our everyday

communication sound twofold. On the one hand, as a hope

for interest in live communication, on the other - as a fear of

destruction of traditional relations, the termination of

personal contacts. The main danger users observe in relation

to the traditional institutions of childhood, family, gender

relations, etc. To the main advantages of the Internet

respondents, include a wide audience coverage and the speed

of information transfer. By cons, some informants have

identified a lack of emotional component, as well as a sense

of responsibility for the actions taken in the network.

One of the most important differences of modern

interpersonal interactions was the activity of communication

agents in relation to each other, as well as the lack of

association with their personal technical means of

communication.

It should be noted that Internet users do not consider

online Dating a negative phenomenon (81%); on the contrary,

in the modern high-speed rhythm of life, the presence of the

Internet seems to them a reasonable solution to save energy,

time and human emotions that are spent in personal

communication. In addition, informants pay attention to the

convenience of finding a companion, a partner through the

Internet due to the factor of anonymity and the ability to

initially both voice your goal and be acquainted with the

goals of other users to choose to communicate a person with

whom your intentions coincide on this resource (98%). The

main claims on the part of respondents to this type of contact

are the danger of substitution of behavior patterns on the part

of the interlocutor, as well as the lack of emotional

component in the correspondence, which automatically often

leads to misunderstanding, unlike communication in real

space.

Completing our study of communicative practices of

young people, we have set an additional task with a

predictive meaning. We were interested to hear users'

assumptions about the future of our everyday communication.

The opinions of the respondents generally reflect their current

value orientations, so that most of them believe that live

communication will be in demand, however, as a likely

scenario informants accept the victory of machines, in which

face-to-face communication can cease to exist, and traditional

institutions such as childhood, family - collapse and lose

meaning. Here is an example of one of the answers: "in

General, it is very scary, for some reason it seems to me that

they are more and more will be removed from their relatives,

from parents, and in principle from everything that concerns

relatives. I think there will be a tendency to decrease contacts

and in real life, respectively, with relatives and with the

family. “Probably, because relatives and family know what

you are, and on the Internet you will seem some other, brutal

or cool. Of course, it is easy bait of all social networks that

you could meet anyone, absolutely anyone, absolutely on

zero grounds. Well, it is dangerous...social networks"

Conclusions

Researchers of different approaches to the study of mass

communications differ in the question of whether the

transformation of the means of communication occurs

because of the emergence of new technologies or it is a

consequence of more global historical changes. “Everyday

practices”, - according to N.N. Kozlova (1992) - "are not

embodied in any official institution, they form a kind of free

zones, protected or protecting from institutional pressures. By

paying attention to these areas, one can understand and feel

what type of social change will prevail at least in the very

near future." We can say that, exploring everyday practices,

the researcher seems to keep abreast in an effort to catch the

slightest signs of transformation of ordinary knowledge (20).

The processes of transformation of everyday communicative

practices, in our opinion, are one of the most interesting and

relevant topics for research. New media are relatively

recently tightly integrated into the life of modern man, so we

are at the stage of transformation, the feeling of those

changes in the construction of the world of everyday life,

when it is possible to compare with how interpersonal

interactions developed ten years ago and catch the

fundamental difference.

(student, 19 years). Informants expressed the opinion that in

the case of an individual, communicative orientation largely

depends on education, the position of the family, which

teaches or does not teach to communicate in one way or

another.

Discussions

Social networks are actively used by informants to track

the events of the personal life of other users familiar to them

in the real space. The impact of Internet technologies on

communication and connection with their loved ones,

informants evaluate both positively and negatively. Users see

great advantages in the presence of remote technologies that

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2019, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages: 394-398

According to the results of empirical research among

students, we have made the following conclusions: there is an

active desire for personal communication and contrary to all

expectations, the use of social networks for professional

purposes (dialogue with colleagues) and entertainment

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use the opportunity to produce their lives on a personal page

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Users' predictions about the future of our everyday

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destruction of traditional relations, the termination of

personal contacts.

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