Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques  
2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages: 828-835  
J. Environ. Treat. Tech.  
ISSN: 2309-1185  
Journal weblink: http://www.jett.dormaj.com  
Factors Modeling in Engineering Services Sphere  
as Tool for Economic Development of Economy  
Real Sector  
1
*
2
3
Alexey I. Shinkevich , Tatyana I. Klimenko , Angelika A. Farrakhova , Diana I.  
4
5
Utiaganova , Julia A. Abutalipova  
1
2
Department of Logistics and Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia  
Department of Logistics and Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia  
3
Department of Logistics and Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan  
4
5
Department of Logistics and Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia  
Department of Logistics and Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia  
Received: 07/07/2019  
Accepted: 30/09/2019  
Published: 30/02/2020  
Abstract  
The relevance of the article is connected with the need to develop new approaches to the management of engineering services in  
the real sector of the economy. The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of engineering services on the parameters of the  
ecosystem’s innovative development based on generalization of trends in the development of the service sector and economic and  
mathematical modeling. The relevance of the use of algorithms, methods and technologies for the development of engineering  
services in Russia is shown. The article presents the main provisions of engineering services’ sphere, describes the trends in the  
development of the service sector and component and factor analysis is conducted to identify the impact of engineering services on  
trends in the real sector of the economy. The materials of the article can be used in the development of measures to improve the  
efficiency of the sphere of engineering services in the innovative economy, taking into account economic trends and achieving  
sustainable development of the economic system.  
Keywords: Service Sector, Engineering, Engineering Service, Real Sector of Economy, Innovation Economy, Component Analysis,  
Factor Analysis  
quality indicators and functionality; (e) Awareness of  
environmental impacts. In this regard, the emphasis is shifted  
1
1
Introduction  
to the achievement of sustainable production, supported by a  
high level of service both in the production process in  
technical systems, and in the process of using the finished  
product and recycling.  
1.1 Relevance of the Study  
One of the applied aspects of the service sector is the  
provision of consulting services or servisization of the real  
sector of the economy. The need for this short-term  
adjustment and enhance the adaptability of the service sector  
and industry to market demands is caused by changes that  
have occurred in the industry in the beginning of the XXI  
century: (a) Significant changes in the use of feedstock and  
materials; (b) Transition from production and primary  
processing of oil to production of petrochemical products  
with high value added; (c) Globalization of labor markets; (d)  
Great need for high-tech products with an emphasis on  
In this regard, the service sector can contribute to the  
achievement of sustainable production using toolkit such as  
engineering. Engineering is a complex technical, design-  
graphic, organizational and technical, technical-economic and  
technical Advisory activity, which implements the execution  
of various research, design, analytical, managerial and  
feasibility work at all stages of the life cycle (scoping studies,  
feasibility study; business planning; project management;  
project development; construction and commissioning;  
operation and maintenance management) of any production,  
technical and socio-economic systems. Consequently, service  
industries can be considered as independent (main)  
participants in the value chain, or as serving, which allows us  
to speak about the complex impact of the service sector on  
Corresponding author: Alexey I. Shinkevich, Department  
of Logistics and Management, Kazan National Research  
Technological  
ashinkevich@mail.ru.  
University,  
Kazan,  
Russia.  
Email:  
828  
Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques  
2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages: 828-835  
the development of economic systems at different levels of  
management (20).  
The works of A.A. Smirnova et al. (2016) are devoted to  
the study of the complex of the service sectors, as well as  
their impact on the nature of production and social processes  
of economic systems A.A. Smirnova et al. (2016), M.S.  
Abryutina (2014), S.A. Zaichenko (2007), E.A. Klimova and  
T.V. Kosinets (2017), N.V. Lyasnikov, M.N. Dudin and  
O.M. Tolmachev (2017), K. Miloradov (2012) and other  
researchers (1, 5, 9, 13, 14, 16, 20, 24, 28), which reflects the  
importance of the service sector to achieve sustainable  
development of the innovation economy.  
The research of certain sectors of the service sector is of  
scientific interest, which is reflected in the works: the  
development of tourism in the innovation economy (8); the  
development of e-economy (10); services in open national  
innovation systems (11, 21); the role of services in the real  
economy (17, 18); development of transport and logistics  
services (22, 23); services in the sharing economy (2);  
services in emerging markets (18); rail and road services  
Pearson Asymmetry:  
where  
Mo – mode of distribution series;  
) component analysis-is one of the main directions of  
2
dimension reduction. It allows you to get a new orthogonal  
basis for displaying data about the objects of the study.  
Component analysis is implemented using the principal  
component method, which involves the formation of new  
features that are linear combinations of the original variables,  
and these linear combinations are determined by the  
characteristic vectors of the covariance matrix.  
(
15); services in the field of ecology (30, 3, 27); services in  
education (7, 26, 19), etc. Problems of development of  
engineering services are widely represented in scientific  
research: global engineering services (29); engineering in the  
field of composite materials in medicine (6); engineering in  
the gas industry (12); the use of engineering to design the  
reliability of technological systems (4) and others.  
The model of component analysis has the form:  
However, it should be pointed out that the presented  
studies do not address the issues of studying, modeling and  
forecasting the relationship between the sphere of  
engineering services with the development of the economy’s  
real sector, which predetermined the relevance and scientific  
and practical significance of this study.  
where  
a
iν – weight, load factor, ν-th main components on the j-th  
variable;  
fiν - the value of the ν main component for the i-th  
observation (object), where ν=1, 2, .k;  
3
) Factor analysis is a multidimensional method used to  
2
Methodological Frameworks  
study the relationships between variable values.  
2
.1 Methods of Research  
A model of a factor system is a mathematical formula that  
expresses the real connections between the analyzed  
phenomena. In General, it can be presented as follows:  
In the study of trends’ nature and analysis of engineering  
services’ relationship with other indicators of the economy’s  
real sector the following was used:  
1
) Descriptive analysis, including descriptive analysis of  
specific variables.  
, where  
– Resulting peculiarity;  
Sample variance is the average square of deviations of a  
feature’s individual values from their average value and is  
calculated by the formula:  
–factor signs.  
2
.2 Theoretical Base of Research  
The theoretical basis of the study is formed by  
fundamental and applied works of foreign and domestic  
scientists, who study the development of engineering  
services, their contribution to achieving sustainable economic  
growth at different levels of economic system management,  
who study the issues of identifying interdependencies of  
engineering services with other parameters of the ecosystem.  
where  
characteristic value;  
arithmetic mean,  
Number of observations in the sample.  
Variance characterizes the degree of dispersion of  
quantitative measurements of a statistical sample (random  
variables) relative to the average value for this sample.  
The standard deviation characterizes the degree of  
deviation of observational data or sets from the mean and has  
the form:  
2
.3 The Study Stages  
The study was conducted in three stages:  
1) Analysis of trends in the development of services in  
Russia;  
2
3
) Component analysis of engineering services;  
) Factor analysis of engineering services.  
8
29  
Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques  
2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages: 828-835  
facilities – 114.5%, physical culture and sports – 105.7% and  
transport services – 103.5%.  
In the structure of paid services to the population at the  
end of 2018, the largest share was occupied by:  
3
Results  
3
.1 Analysis of Trends in the Development of Services in  
Russia  
The tendencies’ analysis in development of a complex of  
Utilities (21, 2%, 1992168, 6 million rubles);  
transport (20.1 per cent, 1890721 million rubles);  
branches in the sphere of services in Russia is carried out  
based on the official statistical base placed in sources (25).  
At the end of 2018, the volume of paid services to the  
population in Russia amounted to 9.4 trillion. Rubles or  
Communication (14.7 percent, 1388790,  
1
million rubles);  
Housing (7.2 per cent, 680267, 1 million rubles);  
102.5% in comparable prices by 2017 (table 1).  
Medical (6.9% and 647246, 8 million rubles);  
Education (6.8 percent, 641212, 1 million rubles);  
Hotels and similar accommodation facilities (2.6  
Table 1: Volume of paid services to the population  
Million. RUB  
(before 2000 – bln.  
RUB.)  
Percentage of previous  
percent, 246769, 7 million rubles);  
Year  
year  
(in comparable prices)  
110,2  
Culture (1.7 percent 163026, 8 million rubles);  
Tourist (1, 6%, 149438, 8 million).  
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
990  
000  
005  
006  
007  
008  
009  
010  
011  
012  
013  
014  
015  
016  
017  
018  
44  
602755  
The volume of paid services per capita amounted to  
2730, 0 rubles, the largest amount of marked utilities -  
3052, 3 rubles per person, transportation 12601, 5 rubles  
104,7  
106,3  
107,6  
107,7  
104,3  
97,5  
101,5  
103,2  
103,5  
102,0  
101,0  
98,9  
100,7  
101,4  
102,5  
6
1
2271733  
2798901  
3424731  
4079603  
4504455  
4943482  
5540654  
6036839  
6927482  
7467521  
8050808  
8636277  
9211441  
9413373  
and communication services – 9036, 4 rubles per person  
(table 2).  
By the end of 2018, the volume of household services  
made up 946624 million rubles, an increase compared to  
2017 is 1.5%, per capita – 6541, 5 rubles. In the structure of  
household services, the largest share was occupied by:  
maintenance and repair of vehicles, machinery and equipment  
–
31.4%, repair and construction of housing and other  
buildings – 27.9%, hairdressing and cosmetic services –  
1.2%, funeral services – 6.5%, repair and maintenance of  
1
household electronic equipment, household machines and  
appliances, repair and manufacture of metal products – 5%  
(
table 3).  
At the end of 2018, the highest price growth was  
observed for hotel services and similar accommodation  
Table 2: Volume of paid services per capita by type (rubles)  
Types of services  
All services rendered  
household  
vehicles  
postal service, courier  
telecommunicational  
housing  
utility  
culture  
tourist  
physical culture and sports  
medical  
2013  
48272,8  
5196,6  
9048,2  
2014  
51115,7  
5517,3  
9484,1  
2015  
2016  
2017  
62730,0  
6541,5  
12601,5  
333,6  
8702,8  
4615,6  
13052,3  
1132,4  
1134,0  
534,4  
54989,7  
5996,6  
10119,3  
58880,5  
6331,2  
11586,5  
}
8546,9  
} 8684,5  
} 8766,6  
} 8802,3  
2774,5  
10137,4  
818,1  
1015,9  
333,4  
3010,0  
10832,6  
879,9  
1009,9  
369,4  
3590,0  
11572,3  
949,0  
1080,9  
424,9  
3958,5  
12326,7  
1051,6  
1100,0  
479,1  
2900,4  
1131,6  
3247,5  
1202,7  
3608,9  
1290,9  
3902,8  
1454,2  
4267,3  
1497,6  
hotels and similar accommodation facilities  
specialized collective accommodation facilities  
...  
...  
...  
...  
933,2  
among them sanatorium organizations  
veterinary  
legal nature  
education system  
services provided to the elderly and disabled  
other facilities  
574,5  
85,8  
597,9  
3130,4  
75,6  
631,8  
94,1  
606,8  
3330,4  
91,5  
754,8  
106,3  
659,1  
3686,2  
109,4  
2274,5  
818,2  
117,6  
654,8  
3867,8  
130,3  
2298,8  
764,8  
123,7  
667,2  
4176,5  
150,2  
2266,1  
1905,6  
2123,1  
8
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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques  
2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages: 828-835  
Table 3: Distribution of household services to the population by type (as a percentage of the total)  
2
018  
Types of services  
2013  
2014  
2015  
2016  
2017  
Percentage of total  
Million. RUB  
All services rendered  
among them:  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
100  
946623,6  
repair, painting and sewing of shoes  
1,5  
1,4  
3,6  
1,4  
3,5  
1,3  
3,4  
1,3  
3,4  
1,3  
3,2  
12103,3  
30703,0  
repair and sewing of sewing, fur and leather  
products, hats and textile haberdashery  
products, repair, sewing and knitting of  
knitwear  
3
4
,7  
,7  
repair and maintenance of household  
electronic equipment, household machines  
and appliances, repair and manufacture of  
metal products  
4,8  
4,8  
4,9  
4,9  
5,0  
46955,4  
maintenance and repair of vehicles,  
machinery and equipment  
3
0,1  
31,0  
30,3  
30,7  
31,0  
3,3  
31,4  
296791,7  
manufacture and repair of furniture  
dry cleaning and dyeing  
Laundry service  
3,4  
0,7  
0,3  
3,4  
0,7  
0,3  
3,4  
0,7  
0,3  
3,5  
0,7  
0,3  
3,3  
0,9  
31492,4  
8277,2  
1
,0  
repair and construction of housing and other  
buildings  
2
8,0  
27,1  
27,6  
27,6  
26,6  
27,9  
264450,9  
photo shop service  
steam-rooms and shower services  
hair salons  
1,6  
2,7  
1,5  
2,7  
1,6  
2,6  
1,5  
2,7  
1,5  
2,7  
1,5  
2,7  
13734,1  
25410,7  
106016,4  
13731,2  
61101,9  
35855,4  
11,3  
1,1  
11,5  
1,2  
11,6  
1,3  
11,9  
1,3  
12,6  
1,3  
11,2  
1,5  
services of rental companies  
funeral services  
6,8  
6,8  
6,7  
6,3  
6,4  
6,5  
other facilities  
4,1  
4,0  
4,2  
3,9  
4,0  
3,6  
3.2 Component Analysis of Engineering Services  
X5 – share of enterprises having research and  
Based on the above-mentioned, we believe that the  
development units engaged in technological innovation, %%  
X6-the proportion of employees performing research  
among enterprises engaged in technological innovation, %;  
X7-cooperation with other enterprises in the development  
of technological innovations, in % of the total number of  
enterprises with technological innovations;  
modeling of engineering development factors should be tied  
to the innovative aspects of the real sector of the economy. In  
this regard, we have chosen the following simulated  
parameters for industrial economic activities for 2017.  
X1-share of enterprises engaged in engineering, %;  
X2-innovative activity of enterprises, %;  
X8 – the share of enterprises that distribute new  
technology, %;  
X3 - share of innovative products in the total volume of  
goods shipped, %;  
X9- enterprises participating in joint research projects  
X4 intensity of expenditure on technological  
–
from among enterprises with technological innovations, %.  
innovation, %;  
Table 4: Eigenvalues of the selected integral factors  
№
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
cxz  
Eigenvalue  
3,208509  
2,106248  
1,384527  
0,786327  
0,686001  
0,318120  
0,297124  
0,139308  
0,073836  
% of variance  
35,65010  
23,40275  
15,38363  
8,73697  
7,62224  
3,53467  
3,30138  
1,54786  
The cumulative eigenvalue  
3,208509  
Cumulative % of variance  
35,6501  
5,314757  
6,699284  
7,485611  
8,171612  
8,489732  
8,786857  
8,926164  
9,000000  
59,0529  
74,4365  
83,1735  
90,7957  
94,3304  
97,6317  
99,1796  
100,0000  
8
9
0,82040  
8
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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques  
2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages: 828-835  
In the first stage of analysis using Statistica to determine  
the number of factors affecting the development of  
engineering, the component analysis was held on, the results  
of which based on their own values of the factor of signs  
which exceed the unit showed who seemed most rational to  
allocate 3 integral factor (table 4).  
To confirm the hypothesis about the need for the  
allocation, the three groups of integral factors of the nine  
indicators the scree method have been additionally used,  
showing that at the location of the integral factors in the  
Cartesian coordinate system, the descending order of their  
eigenvalues when moving from left to right is maximally  
slowed in the third step, where the total percentage of  
explanatory variance is of 15.38%, therefore, it is advisable to  
distinguish three integrated factors (Fig. 1). Descriptive  
statistics for each of the indicators that will be included in the  
factors are presented in table 5.  
enterprises with research and development units engaged in  
technological innovation (standard deviation was 19.5%),  
enterprises involved in joint projects for the implementation  
of research from among enterprises with technological  
innovation (13.5%) and cooperation with other enterprises in  
the development of technological innovation, as a percentage  
of the total number of enterprises with technological  
innovation (11.2%).  
3.3 Component Analysis of Engineering Services  
Further, at the second stage of the analysis, having  
eigenvalues of three integral factors, factor analysis was  
carried out using the method of rotation of Varimax  
components (Varimax raw). Indicators were included in the  
factor if their correlation coefficient with the selected factor  
exceeded 0.7 (table. 6).  
Thus, the analysis identified three groups of integral  
factors, which were interpreted as follows.  
The table 5 data show that the greatest variability of the  
feature was noted for such indicators as the share of  
Figure 1: "Rocky scree method" for determining the number of factors  
Table 5: Descriptive statistics (percent)  
Average value  
Indicator  
Standard deviation  
share of enterprises engaged in engineering  
innovative activity of enterprises  
18,6  
17,1  
7,0  
10,4  
10,5  
4,7  
share of innovative products in the total volume of goods shipped  
intensity of expenditure on technological innovation  
the share of enterprises with research and development units, carrying out  
technological innovations  
the share of employees performing research among enterprises engaged in  
technological innovation  
1,8  
1,4  
4
2
0,1  
,6  
19,5  
2,1  
cooperation with other enterprises in the development of technological  
innovations, in % of the total number of enterprises with technological  
innovations  
the proportion of enterprises that distribute new technology  
enterprises participating in joint research projects from among enterprises with  
technological innovations  
28,3  
2,3  
11,2  
2,7  
2
6,3  
13,5  
8
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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques  
2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages: 828-835  
Table 6: Factor analysis of engineering development  
Factor 1  
Cooperation of  
engineering activities  
0,74  
Factor 2  
Innovative potential  
0,32  
0,92  
0,20  
0,08  
0,94  
Factor 3  
Effectiveness of innovation and  
engineering activities  
0,22  
Indicator  
Share of enterprises engaged in engineering  
Innovative activity of enterprises  
Share of innovative products in the total volume of goods  
shipped  
0,13  
0,20  
0
,08  
-0,02  
,13  
0,83  
0,73  
-0,07  
Intensity of expenditure on technological innovation  
The share of enterprises with research and development  
units, carrying out technological innovations  
The share of employees performing research among  
enterprises engaged in technological innovation  
Cooperation with other enterprises in the development of  
technological innovations, in % of the total number of  
enterprises with technological innovations  
The proportion of enterprises that distribute new technology  
Enterprises participating in joint research projects from  
among enterprises with technological innovations  
Total variance  
0
-0,05  
-0,04  
0,10  
0,86  
0,82  
0,73  
-0,21  
-0,23  
0,49  
-0,05  
0,13  
0
,79  
2,41  
0,27  
2,18  
0,24  
2,11  
0,23  
Share of total variance  
1) the First integral factor, explaining 27% of the  
effective feature is the development of engineering in the  
field of services was named as engineering activity  
cooperation and formed by indicators such as cooperation  
with other enterprises in the development of technological  
innovation, as a percentage of total number of enterprises  
with technological innovation (correlation coefficient with  
integral factor amounted 0,82); enterprises participating in  
joint projects on research from a number of enterprises with  
technological innovation (0,79); the share of enterprises  
engaged in engineering (0.74); the share of enterprises that  
transferred new technologies (0.73).  
2) The Second integral factor that explains 24% of the  
resulting feature was named as innovation potential and  
includes the following indicators: the share of enterprises  
with research and development units engaged in  
technological innovation (0.94) and innovative activity of  
enterprises (0.92).  
Figure 2: Distribution of indicators of innovation and engineering  
activity in the theoretical space of the selected groups of factors  
4
Discussions  
The structure of industrial production influences the  
3) the Third integral factor explaining 23% of the  
demand for engineering services on the side of the real sector  
of the economy. For example, the greatest demand for such  
type of engineering services as software is observed among  
those sectors of the economy that have already entered the  
stage of digital transformation – among them the automotive  
industry, electrical engineering, aircraft engineering. This is  
followed by those economic activities that form the second  
stage of following technological and digital transformation –  
the chemical, food and pharmaceutical industries.  
In the implementation of engineering activities,  
cooperation with partners is of great importance on the part of  
the real sector of the economy. Thus, the greatest level of  
cooperation in the implementation of activities in the field of  
engineering services is noted in the project design and survey  
organizations – 679 joint projects, 56.4% of partners in the  
total number of enterprises involved for the implementation  
of joint projects, in the design, design enterprises – 63 joint  
project and 20.5% of partners in the total number of  
enterprises involved for the implementation of joint projects;  
resulting feature was called as the performance of innovative  
and engineering activities and includes the following  
indicators: share of employees performing research and  
development number of enterprises implementing  
technological innovation (0,86); the specific weight of  
innovation products in total volume of shipped goods (0,83);  
intensity of expenditures on technological innovations (0,73).  
The distribution of indicators of innovation and  
engineering activity in the theoretical space of the selected  
groups of factors is shown in figure 2.  
The total contribution of the selected factors to the  
development of engineering activities in the service sector  
amounted to 74%. Thus, the development of the economy of  
the service sector involves the integration of innovation and  
engineering activities of the real economy and the service  
sector to achieve sustainable production through innovation,  
where the primary factor will be the cooperation of network  
partners in the implementation of consulting, management  
and engineering activities.  
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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques  
2019, Volume 7, Issue 4, Pages: 828-835  
in scientific organizations and their experimental productions  
4. Fiondella L, Lin YK, Pham H, Chang PC, Li C. A confidence-  
based approach to reliability design considering correlated  
failures. Reliability Engineering and System Safety.  
–
20 joint projects and 20.5% of partners in the total number  
of organizations involved in the implementation of joint  
projects. All of the above-mentioned suggests that the  
development of engineering services has great prospects.  
2
017;165:102-114.  
5
6
.
.
Ghiani G. Introduction to Logistics Systems Planning and  
Control. Chichester: The Atrium, Southern Gate. 2014.  
Haddad SMH, Samani A. A computational model of the left  
ventricle biomechanics using a composite material approach.  
International Journal of Engineering Science. 2017;111:61-73.  
Khusainova SV, Matveyeva LV, Ermilova LP, Yakushevskaya  
KN, Kolomiychenko LV, Mashkin NA. Adaptive model of  
psychological and pedagogical accompany of student  
professional training. Espacios. 2018;39(05):22.  
Klimenko TI, Shinkevich AI, Kudryavtseva SS, Shinkevich MV,  
Barsegyan NV, Farrakhova AA, Ishmuradova II. Modeling  
Factors of Environmental Tourism Development in Innovation  
Economy. Ekoloji. 2018;27:263-269.  
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innovacionnogo-tipa-osobennosti-innovacionnogo-razvitiya-  
turizma.html.  
5
Conclusion  
One of the driving forces for the development of the  
7
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.
service sector in the industrial complex is proposed to  
consider engineering activities. We believe that the modeling  
of engineering development factors should be tied to the  
innovative aspects of the real sector of the economy. In the  
result of the analysis, the study identified three groups of  
integral factors affecting the development of engineering  
services. The first integral factor (explaining 27% of the  
resulting feature) – cooperation engineering is formed by  
indicators such as cooperation with other enterprises in the  
development of technological innovation, as a percentage of  
total number of enterprises with technological innovation;  
enterprises involved in joint projects on research from a  
number of enterprises with technological innovations; the  
share of enterprises engaged in engineering; the share of  
enterprises that distribute new technology. The second  
integral factor (explaining 24% of the resulting feature) –  
innovation potential includes the following indicators: the  
share of enterprises with research and development units,  
carrying out technological innovations and innovative activity  
of enterprises. The third integral factor (explaining 23% of  
the resulting feature) – the effectiveness of innovative  
engineering activities includes the following indicators: share  
of employees performing research and development in the  
number of enterprises implementing technological  
innovation; the share of innovative products in total volume  
of shipped goods; the intensity of expenditure on  
technological innovation. The total contribution of the  
selected factors to the development of engineering activities  
in the economy of the service sector amounted to 74%. Thus,  
the development of the economy of the service sector  
involves the integration of innovation and engineering  
activities of the real economy and the service sector to  
achieve sustainable production through innovation, where the  
primary factor will be the cooperation of network partners in  
the implementation of consulting, management and  
engineering activities. The materials of the article can be used  
in the development of measures to improve the efficiency of  
the sphere of engineering services in the innovative economy,  
taking into account economic trends and achieving  
sustainable development of the economic system.  
10. Kudryavtseva SS, Galimulina FF, Zaraychenko IA. Modeling  
Management System of Open Innovation in the Transition to E-  
Economy. Modern Journal of Language Teaching Methods.  
2
018;8(10):163-171.  
1
1
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1
1. Kudryavtseva SS, Shinkevich AI, Shvetsov MY, Bordonskaya  
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3. Lyasnikov NV, Dudin MN, Tolmachev OM. The role of  
innovation and technology in the development of business  
structures in the industrial sector. Entrepreneur's Guide.  
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