Liberalization of Labour Organization of Construction Workers: Legitimacy of Attitude or Underestimation of the Issue

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2019, Special Issue on Environment, Management and Economy, Pages: 1121-1124

J. Environ. Treat. Tech.

ISSN: 2309-1185

Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com

Liberalization of Labour Organization of

Construction Workers: Legitimacy of Attitude or

Underestimation of the Issue

Oleg G. Novoselov , Fril M. Ahmetov, Rafael S. Igtisamov, Vyacheslav G. Husainov

¹Kazan Federal University, Naberezhnye Chelny Branch, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia

Received: 13/09/2019

Accepted: 22/11/2019

Published: 20/12/2019

Abstract

The recent concept of "technology" (high, efficient, innovative, digital) has overshadowed the use of the concept of "labor",

"organization of labor". The analysis shows that the question of “labor organization” has lost its theoretical content and transformed,

in fact, into the concept of “self-organization of labor”. This circumstance can be considered one of the reasons for the decline in the

prestige of working professions and, as a consequence, the observed shortage of skilled workers, including in construction. The

publication provides examples that argue the desirability of continuing the theory of the scientific organization of labor of workers in

construction, as one of the branches of construction science. The subject of this study is the relationship of modern construction

science to one of the aspects of construction production - the organization of labor of construction workers.

Keywords: Personnel, Science, Workers, Construction, Labor

organization,

and

efficiency.

Основоположником

Introduction Labor as a conceptual category

буржуазной теории научной организации труда был

американский инженер Ф.У. Тейлор (3,18,19). His work in

this area found support and development of a number of

scientists and production engineers - F.B. Gilbert, H.

Emerson, L. Gant, S. Bezot, and others (4, 5). Many aspects

of the scientific works of these scientists have not lost their

significance nowadays. The young Soviet Republic did not

want to be aloof from progress, and the task of developing a

theory of the scientific organization of workers' labor in

construction and industry was an element of state policy. An

indicator of the seriousness of the approach to solving this

issue could be considered the fact that even the leaders of the

young Soviet republic - V.I. Lenin, S.M. Kirov, G.K.

Ordzhonikidze, V.V. Kuibyshev, A.D. Zurup and others were

involved in the development of elements of Scientific

Organization of Labor (6).

For the sake of fairness, it is worth noting that the

introduction of an effective organization of labor was of a

mobilizing nature at that time. Patriotic appeals to the labor

force had an effect. The names of Aleksei Stakhanov,

Valentina Gaganova, Pasha Angelina, sisters Vinokurov,

Nikolai Zlobin, Nikolai Travkin, Ivan Kutenkov, and Foma

Maltsev became a symbol of the heroic attitude to work, and

record-breaking performance (6). Russian engineers made

attempts to mechanize some, in particular, construction

processes, to lay the foundation of the socialist theory of

Scientific Organization of Labor. These attempts bumped

“

Labor is the staff of life,” they say. Friedrich Engels said

that “Labor is the source of all wealth, the first and basic

condition of human life" (1). Attitude to work, craft has

always been of paramount respect among people. Those who

could not only create something with their own hands but at

the same time be brainy, resourceful, and patient, were called

crafty. At present, during the period of understanding the

rapid scientific and technological progress, the word “work”,

especially when linked with the word “organization”, has

been lost in the vocabulary of business communication.

Another term is at play: “technology”, with its

complementary characteristics advanced, high,

progressive, efficient, digital. If we turn to the original source

2) of the appearance of the word “technology”, we can see

that in its determining sense it relates to such semantic

categories as cognition, study, research, and, therefore, is

inextricably linked with the concept of “labor”.

—

(

A brief insight into the theory of the scientific

organization of labor of construction workers

In the 20s of the last century, industrialized countries

made attempts to systematize knowledge about labor, its

Corresponding author: Oleg G. Novoselov, Kazan Federal

University, Naberezhnye Chelny Branch, Kazan, Russia.

Email: OlGNovoselov@kpfu.ru.

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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2019, Special Issue on Environment, Management and Economy, Pages: 1121-1124

either into the insufficient depth of research (which was

excusable for the young and poor Soviet Republic) or into the

inhibitory effect of any other circumstances.

The subsequent analysis of the results of the failed

performance of our young compatriots showed that the

culprits were not young workers but their team leaders. The

trip organizers failed to present the details of this event. It

would be legitimate to blame the incident on the State

Committee for Vocational Education. It turned out that the

WS movement has almost a century of history and has long

been a tool for improving the training of young working

professionals (8, 11, 12, 17). After 2013, a great deal of

organizational work began in Russia in preparing for WS and

using its achievements in the training of young specialists. A

network of WS regional competitions was formed, and in

2016 in Kazan, the first all-Russian competition of young

workers was held. The accumulated experience has allowed

Russia to petition the WS International Committee for

holding a world championship here. The request was also

satisfied in Russia; preparatory work for the 2019 WS

tournament is already underway in Kazan.

In the post-war period, the task of rebuilding a half-

ruined country began to grow. This task subordinated

everything: labor and material resources, organizational

measures, and intellectual potential. The country's economy

and, in particular, construction management bodies were

formed - the Gosstroy, Gossnab, the State Committee for

Labor, the State Committee for Vocational Education, a

number of branch building ministries were created, a network

of large research and design building institutes was formed,

each of which had an extensive network of its own territorial

structural units.

With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the attitude to the

theory of the organization of labor of workers in construction

began to lose its significance: VNIPI of labor in construction

was abolished, the structure of TsNIIOMTP was radically

thinned out, its territorial units were liquidated. Building

codes regarding construction production (7, 10, 15, 16) were

disrated (the document became a recommendation). This

document gave no explanation to the concept of

A pleasant event was the participation of young Russians

in the WS International Championship, held in 2017 in the

city of Abu Dhabi (UAE). The team f our compatriots took

the first place. V.V. Putin held a separate meeting with the

team members, thanked the winners and asked how they see

the process of preparing workers and what place the WS

movement takes in it. The answer was sincere and honest: the

team created favorable conditions for preparing for the

tournament, but in general, the system of training workers, as

young people see it from the outside, seems insufficiently

perfect. The President assured that the issue of training

workers would be considered at the government level, and

Russia's participation in WS would be put on a systematic

basis.

"technology", "organization of labor". The principle of

liberalization of many aspects of construction has been

proclaimed. Scientific support for the organization of labor of

workers in construction was weakening. The very concept of

“

scientific organization of workers in construction” was lost

in the terminology of construction science”.

Methods Training workers for construction

The change of the planned economy of the country to a

market one could not but affect the professional orientation of

the youth making up their mind about their life path. Young

people held economists, financiers, lawyers, banking

professions, auditing, psychology, marketing, etc. in high

esteem.

Changed attitudes towards the training of young skilled

workers have begun to benefit. At the European Professional

Skills Championship (EUROSKILLS BUDAPEST 2018)

held on September 2018, Russia took first place in the medal

standings and won the largest number of gold medals among

Higher education has become more accessible to young

people. The young man’s choice of a working profession was

considered as a sign of underestimation of his intellectual

capabilities. The country's manufacturing sector, including

construction, began to experience a chronic shortage of

workers, especially skilled ones. President of Russia - V.V.

Putin, in one of his recent speeches, described the shortage of

skilled workers as "catastrophic". This assessment of the

shortage of skilled workers was especially evident in 2013.

This was the date of the first participation of young

professional workers of our country in the World Skills (WS)

International Competitive System, a movement aimed at

facilitating the training of skilled workers through a set of

methodological and organizational measures. 12 professions

in the list of working professions of the WS competition

program, among the general list of competing professions

9 participating countries. Representatives of the Republic of

Tatarstan successfully participated in the Russian team. They

took gold medals in "Mobile Robotics" and "CAD

engineering design".

4 Results and Discussion

The Republic of Tatarstan, a region of the country of

recognized accelerated economic development and

innovative measures for its implementation, occupies a

prominent place in the economy of the Russian Federation.

However, this is where the problems associated with the

success of the republic were particularly clearly identified.

The most significant was the lack of skilled workers.

According to experts, voiced by the brilliant director of

KAMAZ OJSC, Tatarstan needs about 100 thousand skilled

workers. The severity of the problem is exacerbated by social

circumstances: according to the latest VTsIOM data, 71

percent of today's high school students want to study in

college.

(

57), were those related to construction. A rocky start of

young Russian workers entering the international arena lived

up to its characterization: the team took one of the last places.

The above circumstances characterizing the situation of

acute shortage of skilled workers prompt the search for an

innovative attitude to solving the problem. In Tatarstan,

certain achievements in solving this problem already exist: an

VNIPI - All-Union Research and Design Institute of Labor in

Construction

TSNIIOMTP

- Central Research Institute of Organization,

Mechanization, and Technical Assistance for Construction.

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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2019, Special Issue on Environment, Management and Economy, Pages: 1121-1124

understanding of the seriousness of the problem and the

search for measures to accelerate its solution have formed.

The formed network of children's technology parks has

already started its activity (3 so far). Recently, a meeting of

representatives of large city enterprises, educational workers

and officials in charge of youth policy were held in

Naberezhnye Chelny. The meeting was in the form of a

discussion. His main conclusion was that a comprehensive

state approach to solving the problem of forming a contingent

of skilled workers is needed. A comment on the Internet by

an unidentified observer of this meeting seems to be

indicative (9, 13, 14).

worker’s point of view, but made a remark: moral

encouragement should be directional, effective, and efficient.

Comment

The participants in this room should honestly answer a

number of questions:

1. Which of their children work as turners, locksmiths,

Figure 1: The team of female finishers (10)

cooks?

. Why do you think your children should hold ranks in

Summary

1. The organization of labor of construction workers,

offices, and the children of working people should work in

cold shops, in cold weather, and perform the operations that

robots do in many countries?

as an effective factor in the effectiveness of construction

production, needs its modern scientific support. It should take

into account the changing socio-political structure of the

country, the new economic conditions for the functioning of

the industry, its increased technological capabilities and

reflect all aspects of work: organizational, technical, psycho-

physiological and socially-promoting.

3. How will Naberezhnye Chelny be a leading territory if

the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution are

introduced abroad and here people think how to make people

work in factories with last-century technologies? Can't you

spend money on robots, or what?

4. How can those who created it solve the personnel

Available developments in the theory of the

problem? Look at the officials - they led the cities 20 years

ago, that is, they are co-authors of this situation. Didn’t you

lose KamPI? Don't you let paying pennies to workers?

scientific organization of labor of builders, supplemented by

materials of p.1 of this document, could become the content

of the target program "Scientific organization of labor of

workers in construction at the present stage of its

development".

5. What are your salaries and the salaries of the workers

you are looking for? As an experiment, try to live a month, or

rather six months with your family on a salary you pay to

your subordinates.

The development of this program and the

responsibility for its implementation seems appropriate to

assign to the Central Research Institute of Organization of

Mechanization and Technical Assistance to Construction

6. And the main question: Why do you consider yourself a

special caste? How long have you been communicating with

people of work without showing off? Do you know what

problems really bother the citizens of Chelny?

(

TsNIIOMTP).

Get off the mythical Olympus and be interested in the real

picture. Only in this case, something can really change in the

city [9].

Acknowledgments

The work is performed according to the Russian

Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan

Federal University.

The tone of the comment deserves attention: is everything

done to enhance the prestige of working professions, their

technical support, and motivation for youth to choose?

The photo (Fig. 1), depicting the builders-finishers of

KAMAZ, is symbolic. We can assume: the labor impulse of

the participants of the All-Union Komsomol construction of

the auto giant pushed into the background the inconvenience

and discomfort of the construction profession. Is this

characteristic of today's youth? One can doubt it. A modern

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