Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques
2019, Special Issue on Environment, Management and Economy, Pages: 993-998
J. Environ. Treat. Tech.
ISSN: 2309-1185
Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com
The Composition and Seasonal Dynamics of
Planktonic Green Algae in the Mouth of the
Kazanka River (Republic of Tatarstan)
Liliya Yu. Khaliullina, Alina R. Fazlieva
Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Received: 05/08/2019
Accepted: 20/11/2019
Published: 20/12/2019
Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of the species composition and seasonal dynamics of planktonic green algae in the
mouth of the Kazanka River in the city of Kazan in 2018. During the observation period, 51 taxa of green planktonic algae of
Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae classes were found in the algoflora of the studied area, of which 53% of the species belong to
the order Sphaeropleales spheroplei. The largest numbers of taxa belong to the families Hydrodictyaceae (13%), Scenedesmaceae
(
23%), Selenastraceae (10%), Chlorellaceae (14%), Oocystaceae (10%), Chlamydomonadaceae (8%). The total number and biomass
range from 1.6-18.8 million cells/liter and 1.2-9.9 mg/liter. Flagellate monadic algae dominate in phytoplankton, belonging to the
order Chlamydomonadales Phacotus lenticularis, Pandorina morum, Chlamydomonas sp. sp., Carteria sp. sp. The species of the
spheroplei genera Scenedesmus, Pediastrum, Coelastrum, Crucigenia, Actinastrum, Dictyosphaerium, Oocystis. Mass reproduction
of these algae throughout the summer and autumn indicates the extreme pollution of the waters in this part of the Kazanka River.
Based on the data obtained, an assessment was made of the ecological state of water in the considered section of the river. Water
quality is assessed as β-mesosaprobic (1.6-2.5) and moderately polluted; quality class III. According to trophic indices, the water in
the considered area for the observation period is mostly consistent with the hypereutrophic type.
Keywords: Algocenosis, Phytoplankton, Algae, The river Kazanka
1
currents belong to the hydrocarbonate - calcium class, in the
1
Introduction
lower reaches downstream the Derbyshki settlement - to the
sulfate class and calcium group. The river is characterized by
high salinity of water, which increases markedly from the
upper reaches to the lower reaches of the river. The upper and
middle sections of the river are mainly affected by
agricultural runoff, due to which nutrients enter the river. In
the lower reaches, man-made impact comes to the fore:
sewage from industrial and municipal enterprises and storm
sewage enrich the river with toxic compounds of organic and
inorganic nature such as oil products, surfactants, phenols,
heavy metals with multiple excesses of permissible
concentrations. Mineral forms of phosphorus are constantly
present in excess concentrations, which contribute to the
processes of eutrophication of the river. The river water is
highly polluted and is rated as “dirty” (quality grade 4).
Decisions of the Council of Ministers of the TASSR No. 25
Today, the problem of monitoring of the status of water
bodies located within the city boundaries is of great
relevance. Urban bodies of water, to which the lower part of
the Kazanka River belongs, traditionally used as sources of
fresh water, as well as for technical, recreational, and other
purposes. The functioning of settlements, the gradual
expansion of their borders leads to pollution of water bodies
by urban, mainly domestic wastewater, in aerotechnogenic
way and, as a result, disrupts the natural functioning of water
ecosystems and turns them into anthropogenic ones (3).
For the purpose of ecological monitoring of aquatic
ecosystems, the study of phytoplankton is actively used,
which, due to the structure and functional features,
determines the state of aquatic ecosystems in general. The
objective of this work is to assess the environmental status of
the estuarine area of the Kazanka River by indicators of the
structure of communities of planktonic green algae.
(
(
dated 10.01.1978) and the Cabinet of Ministers No. 644
dated 29.12.2005) assigned the Kazanka River the status of a
nature monument of regional significance (4,5,10,13). As a
measure of river protection, it is recommended to comply
with the regime of protection of the territory of the natural
monument, as well as the regime of use of water protection
zones. The river has economic and educational significance.
The Kazan – Arsk section is recommended for tourism (3).
In 2018, during the growing season, studies were made of
planktonic green algae in the mouth of the Kazanka River in
the city of Kazan. Permanent observation stations were
located in the riverbed of the Kazanka River (near the
Kremlin transport dam). The layout of the sampling station is
shown in Fig. 1.
2
Materials and methods
The Kazanka River is a typical lowland river with mixed
food that originates on the western slopes of the Vyatka
Slopes and, flowing in a southwestern direction, flows into
the Volga River in the city of Kazan. The length of the river,
according to various sources, ranges from 140 km to 172 km
(
7,9,12). The lower course of the Kazanka River, being in a
backwater zone by the waters of the Kuibyshev reservoir, has
turned into a wide bay. Water masses in the upper and middle
Corresponding author: Liliya Yu. Khaliullina, Kazan
Federal University, Republic of Tatarstan. E-mail: Liliya-
kh@yandex.ru.
Samples were taken once every week. In total, between
June and October 2018, 34 qualitative and quantitative
993
