Environmental and Socio-Legal Assessments of the Cultivation of Non-Consumed Asian Green Mussel (Perna Viridis) in the Coastal Areas of the Jakarta Bay

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1498-1503

J. Environ. Treat. Tech.

ISSN: 2309-1185

Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com

https://doi.org/10.47277/JETT/1503

Environmental and Socio-Legal Assessments of the

Cultivation of Non-Consumed Asian Green Mussel

(

Perna Viridis) in the Coastal Areas of the Jakarta

Bay

Untoro ¹^,²*, Lazarus Tri Setyawanta , Esmi Warassih Rahayu , Raihan

Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Universitas Islam Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia

Received: 06/06/2020

Accepted: 08/10/2020

Published: 20/12/2020

Abstract

Utilization of the waters of the northern coast of Jakarta which are contaminated with heavy metals as a conservation area through

a non-consumed Asian green mussel (perna viridis) cultivation program as an aspired law. This research method is qualitative with

socio-legal approach as a basis for the formation of non-consuming green seashell. The results showed that green mussels have the

advantage of being a bio filter because they are able to filter water contaminated with heavy metals. Its ability shows that 1 kilogram of

green mussels can filter water as much as 10 liters/hour. Testing results in the sea water in Kamal Muara and Cilincing in 2019 showed

that the heavy metal content of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) did not meet the standards of the Minister of

Environment Decree Number 179 of 2004. The test results at the ordinate point of the sampling location Kamal Muara S6 4’41,

6972”/E106 44’24,00684” (Station I) showed an increase in Pb of 0.052 mg/l, making it very appropriate as the basis for non-

consumed green seashell cultivation area as this species was able to be an environmentally friendly bio filter.

Keywords: Environmental assessments, socio-legal perspectives, cultivation, non-consumed green mussel, coastal areas

Introduction

The north coast of Jakarta is located in the administrative

9596”/E106 44’24,00684” (Station V) there was an increase

in Pb of 0.076 mg/l. The average increase of the five stations

was 0.337 mg/l. Testing at the Ordinate Point of Sampling

city area of North Jakarta, with an area of 146.66 Km plus the

Location Cilincing S6 4’55, 86456”/E106 56’29,10732”

Station I) there was an increase in Pb of 0.043 mg/l.

Thousand Islands with an area of 8.70 Km . The northern

(

coastal area of Jakarta, including the waters of the Jakarta Bay

coast, is a strategic area, but it is vulnerable to environmental

damage caused by community activities. The 2019 data from

the results of sea water testing in the waters of the Jakarta

Bay, in Kamal Muara and Cilincing, show that the content of

heavy metals leads (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg)

does not meet the standards of the Minister of Environment

Decree Number 179 of 2004.

Measurements at the Ordinate Points of Collection S6 4’54,

56”/E 106 55’57,5166” (Station II) there was an increase in

Pb of 0.033 mg/l. Tests at the Ordinate Point of Collection

Location S6 5’18, 2445”/E106 55’51,56256” (Station III)

there was an increase in Pb of 0.068 mg/l. Tests at the

Ordinate Point of Collection Location S6 3’46,

5172”/E106 55’42,532” (Station IV) there was an increase in

Pb of 0.049 mg/l. The increase in mercury (Hg) is 0.003 mg/l.

Measurements at the Ordinate Point of Collection Location

Testing at the Ordinate Point of Sampling Location for

Kamal Muara S6 4’41, 16972”/E106 44’24,00684” (Station

S6 3’50, 6443”/E106 55’39,6130” (Station V) there was an

increase in Pb of 0.049 mg/l. The average increase of the five

stations is 0.2058 mg/l rounded off to 0.206 mg/l.

I), there was an increase in Pb of 0.052 mg/l. Ordinate Point

of Sampling Location S6 4’28, 23492”/E106 44’28,7009”

Station II) there was an increase in Pb of 0.059 mg/l; for

cadmium (Cd) of 0.096 mg/l. Ordinate Point Sampling

(

This condition is due to the 13 rivers that flow and

empties into Jakarta Bay from west to east, based on the 2018

records from the Indonesian Institute of Sciences that 21 tons

of garbage every day enters Jakarta Bay, that are Kamal River,

Angke River, Mookevaart River, Grogol River, Ciliwung

River, Ancol River, Cakung River, Blencong River, Sunter

River, Kali Baru River, Bekasi River, Krama River, Citarum

River or Muara Gembong. This has led to the idea that it is

necessary to cultivate non-consuming green seashell fish as a

bio filter in the waters of Jakarta Bay. Green mussels (perna

viridis) also known as green mussels have a high economic

Location S6 4’41, 18,39028”/E106 44’21,37486” (Station III)

there was an increase in Pb of 0.058 mg/l. Ordinate Point

Sampling Location S6 3’58, 44563”/E106 44’12,08328”

Station IV) there was an increase in Pb of 0.057 mg/l.

(

S6 4’38,

Ordinate

Point

Sampling

Location

Corresponding author: Untoro, (a) Universitas Diponegoro,

Semarang, Indonesia and (b) Universitas Islam Jakarta,

Jakarta, Indonesia

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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1498-1503

value. The physical characteristics of green seashell have a

pair of shells that are slightly bluish green. Having multiple

layers of gills, waters with a depth of 1 m to 7 m are a suitable

place for green seashell to live. There are coastal waters,

mangrove areas and river estuaries [1]. Green mussels have

the ability to survive and reproduce under high ecological

pressure without experiencing significant disturbance. In

addition, green clams have a high protein content (4.7)

compared to other animal proteins such as beef (18.8), lamb

cultivation functions. The meaning of spatial patterns is the

division and distribution of space designation, so that the

designation of coastal waters which have been contaminated

with heavy metals is directed towards the concept of forming

a non-consumed green seashell cultivation area. Henceforth, if

the waters of Jakarta Bay return to normal, it can be directed

as a fishing ground. As explained in the previous paragraph,

the existing conditions in the northern coast of Jakarta have

exceeded the quality standard, along with the 2010 data from

measurements carried out in the framework of the EIA study

on residential development and integrated Green Bay

businesses, showing that the quality of sea water has exceeded

the quality standard according to the Decree of the Minister of

Environment Number: Kep-51/MENLH/2004 concerning Sea

Water Quality Standards. The following table shows the

quality of seawater in Pluit Utara in 2010 based on an EIA

study on the integrated residential and business development

of Green Bay.

(

17.1), and chicken (18.2). However, the results of the study

indicate that green clams taken from the north coast of Jakarta

are not suitable for consumption because they contain lead

levels that have exceeded the 0.01 - 1.00 ppm threshold set by

the authorized institution from Indonesian Food and Drug

Supervisory Agency. Therefore, juridical, steps are needed

that are in line with the concept of cultivating non-consuming

green seashell in coastal waters contaminated with heavy

metals on the north coast of Jakarta.

The aims of this study are to assess the cultivation of non-

consuming green mussels in coastal waters contaminated with

heavy metals and the implication of the concept of cultivating

non-consuming green seashell in coastal waters on the north

coast of Jakarta.

The measurement results above show that the coastal waters

in North Pluit are relatively cloudy, this is due to the very

significant influence of land activities. Several parameters

indicated that it did not meet the quality standard, such as DO,

total ammonia, phosphate, nitrate and biological parameters.

The occurrence of turbidity in water bodies will disrupt

marine cultivation businesses such as floating net cages and

marine ecosystems. In February 2013, measurements of sea

water quality were also carried out, which showed the same

indication, namely the condition of sea water quality that

exceeded the quality standard by several physical and

chemical parameters. Several parameters of sea water quality

around Island G for several parameters have exceeded the

seawater quality standard for marine biota. It is estimated that

pollutants come from domestic waste discharged into water

bodies, this is indicated by the high concentration of

ammonia, oil and fat, fecal coliform, waste and metal waste,

namely copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb).

The heavy metal lead (Pb) is toxic to humans and can

cause acute and chronic poisoning. Acute poisoning includes a

burning sensation in the mouth. Chronic symptoms are

generally characterized by nausea, anemia, pain around the

mouth, and can cause paralysis. Cadmium (Cd) is not needed

by the human body for human function and growth because it

is very toxic to humans. Acute poisoning will cause tero-

intestinal gas and kidney disease. Mercury or Mercury (Hg) is

dangerous because it is bio magnification so that it can

accumulate in the tissues of organisms through the food chain

Research Methods

This research is a qualitative research which is a multiple

method in focus, involving an interpretive and reasonable

approach to each problem being studied. In other words,

qualitative research works in a natural setting that seeks to

provide and understand interpretations of phenomena as seen

from the meaning people give to these phenomena.

Qualitative research emerged as a result of a reaction to the

positivism and post-positivism traditions which attempted to

conduct cultural studies with an interpretive character [2].

Qualitative research involves the use and collection of various

empirical materials, namely case studies, observations,

interviews. Meanwhile, data validation was carried out using

triangulation techniques. This research approach is socio-legal

research with

participatory paradigm which has

consequences for research methodology, ontology and

epistemology, as well as axiology that is different from other

paradigms. The character of the socio-legal research method

can be identified through two things: first, socio-legal studies

do textual studies, articles in laws and regulations and policies

are analyzed critically, their meaning is explained. So that the

socio-legal study also discusses the constitution to the lowest

statutory regulations, as well as judges' decisions. Second,

socio-legal studies develop various new methods resulting

from the marriage between legal methods and social science,

such as socio-legal qualitative research [3]. The data used are

primary data, secondary data consisting of primary legal

materials and secondary legal materials by using the advocacy

in “A” model (Figure 1).

[4]. The concept of non-consumed green seashell fish

cultivation needs to be done because the green clams have the

ability to absorb polluted water so that the waters of Jakarta

Bay become clean water according to standards. The ability of

green clams as a bio filter has been proven by the Ancol

conservation team in their research which shows that 1

kilogram of green clams can filter 10 liters of water per hour

[5]. In an interview, Ir. Sartono, Head of the DKI Jakarta

Province Fishery Products Inspection and Certification

Production Center on March 18, 2019 stated that after the

waters of Jakarta Bay are clean according to standards it can

be formed as a fishing ground. For this, it can be done by

drowning the fish house (FAD) to gather the fish as a shelter.

This is a way to empower fishermen in managing artificial

fishing ground for fishermen's welfare. Fishermen are given

the opportunity to participate in managing an artificial fishing

ground. Like how to catch fish whether it will be done with a

net or fishing. This management can be handed over on the

basis of deliberation and consensus between fishermen.

Results and Discussion

.1 Cultivation of Non-Consumed Green Seashell

Contaminated with Heavy Metals on the Coastal Waters

of Jakarta

The concept of non-consuming green seashell fish

cultivation in coastal waters contaminated with heavy metals

is related to the utilization of the spatial pattern of the northern

coast of Jakarta. Article 1 point 4 of Law No. 26 of 2007

concerning Spatial Planning states "spatial pattern is the

distribution of spatial use in an area which includes space

allocation for protection functions and spatial designation for

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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1498-1503

Table 1: Seawater Quality Measurement Results in North Pluit

Parameter

Unit

Quality Standards¹

AL-1²

AL-2²

Physical assesment

Coral >5

Brightness

Turbidity

TSS

Meter

NTU

mg/l

Mangrove/

seagrass >3

0.5

< 5

Coral 20

Mangrove 80

seagrass 20

Coral 28-30

Mangrove 28-32

seagrass 28-32

Temperature

⁰C

27.0

Chemical assesment

7-8.5

Natural

7.8

7.9

Salinity

19.4

21.4

Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

BOD

mg/l

2.4

2.0

Total Ammonia (NH

Phosphate (PO -P)

Nitrate (NO2-N)

Cyanide (CN)

Sulfide (H

Phenol

-N)

0.3

5.44

0.73

1.2

5.18

0.51

1.2

0.015

0.008

0.5

0.01

0.002

1.0

<0.005

<0.002

<0.001

0.11

<0.005

<0.002

<0.001

0.16

Anionic Surfactants (MBAS)

Oil and fat

1.0

0.2

Mercury (Hg)

0.001

0.005

0.012

0.001

0.008

0.05

<0.0005

<0.005

<0.002

<0.0005

<0.005

0.0182

<0.002

<0.0005

<0.005

<0.002

<0.0005

<0.005

0.0266

<0.002

Chromium (Cr⁶⁺

Arsenic (As)

Cadmium (Cd)

Copper (Cu)

Lead (Pb)

)

Zinc (Zn)

Nickel (N)

Microbiology

Coliform

MPN/100 ml

Sel/100 ml

Nil

460

210

Pathogenic Bacteria

Positive

Source: Environmental Impact Analysis of the G Island Reclamation Plan of the Reclamation Area of Jakarta

.2 Implications of the Non-consumed Green Seashell

also the Provincial Government of Banten and the Provincial

Government of West Java. The length of the coastline which

becomes the authority of the DKI Jakarta Provincial

Government is approximately 32 km from the entire length of

the north coast of Jakarta. The second is the horizontal

coordination, namely the harmonization of local regulations

from the three provinces that regulate water discharge from

upstream to downstream. The regional regulations produced

as a result of the coordination of the three provinces are

intended to integrate various sectorial plans, overcome

management overlaps and resolve conflicts of use and

authority, and provide legal certainty, which is in accordance

with the development of values and needs of the changing

community through development efforts [6]. This is to avoid

discharges of waste water or water that has been contaminated

with heavy metals directly to Jakarta Bay.

It is also need a cooperation aspect between DKI Jakarta

Province and West Java Province and Banten Province. The

three provinces must make a mutual agreement in order to

preserve the environment of Jakarta Bay. In other words,

cooperation is needed in river management from upstream

(West Java and Banten) to downstream (Jakarta Bay). In this

context, the concept of cultivating non-consumable green

Cultivation in Contaminated Waters on the Jakarta Bay

There are two implications for this concept as revealed from

the interview with the stakeholder. First, it has juridical

implications, namely the aspect of policies related to waste

disposal into rivers, licensing for non-consumed green

mussels, RZWP3K which accommodates the establishment of

an area for non-consumed green seashell fish cultivation. The

second is the sociological implications of cooperation between

DKI Jakarta Province, West Java Province and Banten

Province.

The policy aspect regarding the discharge of waste into

river flow is carried out by tightening the discharge of heavy

metal by making policies related to the discharge of waste into

the waters of 13 rivers that empties into Jakarta Bay. For

example, waste disposal from households, industrial waste,

and agricultural waste. It is necessary to make strict

regulations into the wastewater treatment plant (IPAL)

regulations. Two things are needed for this, first vertical

coordination to reach an understanding between the Governor

of Banten, the Governor of West Java and the Governor of

DKI Jakarta. Because the north coast of Jakarta is not only the

Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta that has an interest but

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2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1498-1503

mussels in coastal waters contaminated with heavy metals on

the north coast of Jakarta is a concept going the right way.

There will be coastal waters that meet quality standards,

which can then be used as artificial fishing ground which is

expected that justice and welfare can be realized.

Sustainability: Advocacy is an ongoing process.

Sustainability clarifies the long-term goal of cultivating non-

consuming green mussels in the coastal waters of the north

coast of Jakarta.

For more detail about strategy, it includes some strategies

institutionally, legally and culturally. Institutionally, the DKI

Jakarta Regional Government can collaborate to preserve the

environment of Jakarta Bay with West Java and Banten

Provinces so as to create strong coordination between DKI

Jakarta Provincial Government with West Java and Banten

Province to jointly preserve the Jakarta Bay. By law, the

Governor of DKI Jakarta can stipulate by a Governor

Regulation that polluted waters are used as places for

cultivating non-consuming green seashell fish. Governor

Regulation which regulates the disposal of waste containing

heavy metals by establishing an integrated wastewater

treatment plant (IPAL); revocation of licenses for industries

that dispose of waste and cause pollution; the policy of the

DKI Jakarta Regional Government which regulates the

prohibition of rivers as backyards. In this connection the

policies made must be effective, for this we need the best way

to realize effective policies, namely through fostering

partnerships between the private sector and the public at the

local, national and international levels [8].

The concept of cultivating non-consumable green mussels

can be based on the theory of Chart “A” for advocacy [7].

Advocacy is an effort to influence public policy through

various forms of communication. Narrowly defined as the

establishment of a movement determined by the authorities to

guide or control the behavior of institutions, communities,

individuals. This model is known as the "A" model because it

stands for advocacy. Advocacy according to this concept has 6

steps, namely analysis; strategy; mobilization; action;

evaluation; continuity. Another definition states that advocacy

is an action used to change policies, positions or programs of

various institutions or institutions (advocacy is an action

directed at changing the changing the policies, positions or

programs of any type of institution). The Center for

Development

and Population Activities

(CEDPA)

organization provides a definition of advocacy, which is

working with others to make change or difference [7] (Figure

Legal culture preserves resources in coastal areas and

small islands, not exploitation activities. This is in line with

environmental ethics which is a collection of various

principles of environmental morality that compile human

morals with natural morals [9]. In the development of

environmental ethics, there are several theories of

environmental ethics, namely shallow environmental ethics,

intermediate environmental ethics, deep environmental ethics,

these three theories are known as anthropocentrism,

biocentrism, and eco-centrism [9]. Legal culture respects

customary/local communities. So that a substantial space for

community participation is built to create synergy in the

management of resources in coastal areas and small islands

with development activities carried out by the DKI Jakarta

Regional Government. Furthermore, legal culture manages the

resources of coastal areas and small islands in a sustainable

and integrated manner. The legal system emphasizes

procedures but does not explain how people actually solve

their problems in everyday life. The legal culture explains in

detail the procedural legal values and substantive legal values

Figure 1: Six steps for the advocacy in “A” model

[

10]. Procedural legal values question the ways of organizing

The six advocacy steps for the “A” model in the context of

cultivating non-consumed green mussels in the coastal waters

of the north coast of Jakarta can be explained as follows:

society and conflict management. The components of the

substantive legal values of the legal culture consist of

fundamental assumptions regarding the distribution and use of

resources in society, especially regarding what is fair and

unfair according to society. Thus, it can be said that the

important element needed to be able to understand the

differences between one legal system and another is legal

culture.

The cultivation of non-consuming green mussels in the

coastal waters of the north coast of Jakarta has a positive

impact on traditional fishermen, which means that it provides

legal protection for traditional fishermen. It can be used as a

fishing ground. The establishment of a fish catchment area

will one day show that the northern coast of Jakarta is not

polluted or contains heavy metal lead (Pb); Cadmium (Cd);

Mercury or Mercury (Hg). In other words, it can be stated that

waters that comply with standards are a right for traditional

fishermen. There are two reasons for realizing the cultivation

of non-consumed green mussels which will be followed by the

formation of fish catchment areas. First, the juridical reason is

.Analysis: the analysis was carried out on the concept of

non-consumed green mussels.

Strategy: It was built on the basis of analysis stages

that direct, plan and focus efforts on the specific objectives of

the concept of non-consumed green seashell fish cultivation.

.Mobilization: It is necessary to strengthen advocacy that

can be carried out through outreach to the village level.

Advocacy: Advocacy action can be carried out by

proposing the initiation of the formation of a regional

regulation on zoning for DKI Jakarta, which in one of its

provisions regulates the mandatory rehabilitation of the

quality of the waters of the Jakarta Bay through the

application of the concept of non-consumed green seashell

fish cultivation.

Evaluation: Conducted on the strategy and

implementation of non-consumed green seashell fish

cultivation in the north coast of Jakarta.

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2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1498-1503

that the existence of fishermen is protected by Law Number 7

of 2016 concerning the Protection and Empowerment of

Fishermen, Fish Farmers and Salt Farmers. This Law

stipulates the principle of fisherman sovereignty. Second, in

terms of social and economic reasons, the contamination of

Jakarta Bay waters, both from household waste and industrial

waste, is the result of activities on land. In fact, fishermen,

fish breeders, salt farmers depend on fish resources, healthy

environmental conditions, and business certainty in fishing.

The establishment of an artificial fishing ground is

capable of realizing just law because law and justice cannot be

separated, when discussing legal issues it will come to justice.

This means that law is not sufficiently discussed in its context

as merely a formal structure [11, 12]. Justice is the spirit for

written legal norms because justice is able to direct and give

life to written legal norms. Written law is likened to a human

body that needs a spirit so that the human body can live. On

the other hand, a spirit without a human body will result in not

being alienated in life. A harmonious relationship between the

spirit and the human body is indicated by the health of the

human body, so when the human body is sick, surgery must

be performed to maintain the continuity of the spirit in the

human body. The sickness of the human body indicates a

conflict of interest in the human body. This shows that if there

is a conflict of interest between written law and justice, what

can be done is to maintain justice because justice is the spirit

of written law. Written legal norms are only a means of

realizing justice so that it can be replaced or abandoned [12-

Second, the human value that non-consumed green mussels

cultivation on the one hand can empower fishermen,

especially traditional fishermen, to be able to preserve coastal

waters so that it can be enjoyed by both current and future

generations. This is also in line with Indonesia as a welfare

state. Third, the social value that coastal areas and small

islands which have a high diversity of natural resource

potentials are very important for social, economic, cultural,

environmental development, and support the nation's

sovereignty, therefore it needs to be managed in a sustainable

and global perspective with pay attention to aspirations and

participation, especially traditional fishermen, and national

values based on national legal norms [17]. Ideals of law can

be understood as a thought construction which is an

imperative to direct the law to the ideals desired by society.

Without legal ideals, the resulting legal product will lose its

meaning [18]. The first precepts of the Supreme Lordship

include and animate the next four principles: just and civilized

humanity, Indonesian unity, democracy led by wisdom in

deliberation/representation, social justice for all Indonesian

people.[19] This is to resolve the heavy contaminated of

Jakarta Bay and to make sustainable development for people

based on national values.[20-24]

Conclusion

The concept of cultivating non-consuming green mussels

in contaminated coastal waters with heavy metals on the north

coast of Jakarta is an ius constituendum. It is need a

cooperation aspect between DKI Jakarta Province and West

Java Province and Banten Province. The three provinces must

4]. So it takes a complete understanding of the law, not only

understanding the law as the state law means. For this reason,

legal empowerment is needed which is an effort to make the

law empowered in realizing its legal goals or ideals, namely

justice and prosperity for mankind itself so that the lower

layers of society do not become weaker, poorer and helpless

make

a mutual agreement in order to preserve the

environment of Jakarta Bay. In other words, cooperation is

needed in river management from upstream (West Java and

Banten) to downstream (Jakarta Bay). Because until now there

has been no policy from the cooperation of three local

governments (DKI Jakarta, Banten, West Java) to apply the

concept of cultivating green seashell fish for non-consumed or

not for consumption. The reason for the importance of this

concept is because green seashell has the ability to absorb

polluted water so that the waters of Jakarta Bay become clean

water according to standards. After the waters of Jakarta Bay

are clean according to standards, it can be formed as a fishing

ground. The ability of green mussels as a bio filter shows that

[10,15,16].

Legal empowerment in the context of non-consumed

green seashell fish cultivation in the coastal waters of the

north coast of Jakarta is carried out by involving traditional

fishermen, starting from the planning stage. Thus it can be

said that the legal empowerment of the use of coastal areas is

carried out through the process of traditional fisherman

participation. The meaning of traditional fishermen's

participation is to make traditional fishermen have a role in

the process of utilizing the north coast of Jakarta through non-

consumed green seashell fish cultivation. The strict and rigid

application of the concept of utilizing the North coast of

Jakarta (Mechanistic Action) will result in conflict. The

example of a lawsuit against the reclamation permit for Island

G, Island K, Island I, Island F is evidence that strict and rigid

application is not the optimal way to utilize the north coast of

Jakarta. So that in applying the law it is necessary to do the

Human Action Model. This model sees traditional fishermen

as full of socio-cultural and dynamic values. In other words,

the human action model provides a place for traditional

fishermen to negotiate with power holders and the idea of

traditional fishermen is an ingredient in the utilization of

coastal areas.

kg of green mussels can filter polluted water as much as 10

liters/hour.

There are two implications of the concept of cultivating

non-consuming green mussels in coastal waters contaminated

with heavy metals on the north coast of Jakarta as an ius

constituendum. There are two aspects of policy related to the

discharge of waste into river flows. The second is the

cooperation between DKI Jakarta Province and West Java

Province and Banten Province. The policy aspect related to

the discharge of waste into river streams is carried out by

tightening the discharge of heavy metals by making policies

related to the discharge of waste into the waters of 13 rivers

that empties into Jakarta Bay. For example, waste disposal

from households, industrial waste, and agricultural waste. It is

necessary to make strict regulations into the wastewater

treatment plant (IPAL) regulations. Two things are needed for

this, first vertical coordination to reach an understanding

between the Governor of Banten, the Governor of West Java

and the Governor of DKI Jakarta. Because the north coast of

Jakarta is not only the Provincial Government of DKI Jakarta

that has an interest but also the Provincial Government of

Banten and the Provincial Government of West Java. The

The use of waters in coastal areas contaminated with

heavy metals to serve as non-consumed green seashell is in

accordance with the spirit of Pancasila, in accordance with the

ideals of National Law Science or Pancasila. Law is oriented

towards three pillars which are the balance value of Pancasila.

First, oriented to the divine value that coastal areas and small

islands are natural resources which are a gift from God

Almighty, for that it is necessary to make conservation efforts.

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Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1498-1503

length of the coastline which becomes the authority of the

DKI Jakarta Provincial Government is approximately 32 km

from the entire length of the north coast of Jakarta. The

second is the horizontal coordination, namely the

harmonization of local regulations from the three provinces

that regulate water discharge from upstream to downstream.

This is to avoid discharges of waste water or water that has

been contaminated with heavy metals directly to Jakarta Bay.

Here, it is also need a Cooperation aspect between DKI

Jakarta Province and West Java Province and Banten

Province. The three provinces must make a mutual agreement

in order to preserve the environment of Jakarta Bay. In other

words, cooperation is needed in river management from

upstream (West Java and Banten) to downstream (Jakarta

Bay).

13. Saraswati R, Ristyawati A, Basworo RS. Recent developments

and changes in the governance of regional legal products in Indonesia:

Supervision, evaluation and clarification mechanisms. International

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Competing interests

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