Using Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) in Healthcare Equipment Maintenance Operations

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1345-1350

J. Environ. Treat. Tech.

ISSN: 2309-1185

Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com

https://doi.org/10.47277/JETT/8(4)1350

Using Computerized Maintenance Management

System (CMMS) in Healthcare Equipment

Maintenance Operations

Mohammad Lafi Alburaiesi

Ministry of Public Works-Kuwait, Kuwait

Received: 06/06/2020

Accepted: 03/09/2020

Published: 20/12/2020

Abstract

Healthcare and medical equipment sustainability is very important, we need to have an efficient and high performance devices. If

such systems or devices are fail every time this will effect patients and the medical system at all. Healthcare equipments like ventilators

and other devices nowadays has a good priority and important because of Covid19 which effects all countries now. Since these devices

exposed some defects which will effect on its role it is very important to study and analyze such defects, classify them and how to apply

CMMS in such maintenance operations. This paper aims to use CMMS in maintenance operations of equipments in healthcare sector.

Also a classification of failures of such equipments is generated to be an input for CMMS programs. The second thing is to use Equipment

maintenance (EM) number in classifying such devices to be ready for using CMMS. A sample of medical devices are studied and the

equipment management number (EM) is calculated here for some selected devices if it reaches some specific value it needs maintenance

and CMMS will manage the maintenance operations required. CMMS procedures, transactions and benefits are discussed in this paper.

It is found that in the first step we should determine the devices included in inspection and maintenance operations by using EM number,

then specifying the maintenance period and inspection frequency after that following some specific steps to manage the maintenance

operations followed by CMMS programs. Equipment maintenance (EM) number is very important to determine whether the equipment

need maintenance or not, and it also determine the inspection and maintenance duration and so such devices be ready to be used all the

time. CMMS can be efficiently used in maintenance operations of healthcare equipments. The use of CMMS software or application is

used in processing entered data of devices or systems following the commands step-by-step to construct a CMMS system for each plant

or system, this will simplify the monitoring and inspections and maintenance operations which increasing availability of the device and

decreasing downtime

Keywords: Healthcare, Medical devices, Equipment Management Number, CMMS

Introduction¹

Furthermore, Computerized Maintenance Management

Systems (CMMS) is a key data asset in most medicinal services

frameworks to follow each bit of hardware and keep up precise

records of stock and information for clinical gear [5, 7, 8].

There are two most common approaches for medical equipment

maintenance that includes preventive and the corrective

strategies. Preventative Maintenance (PM) is a scheduled

process of ensuring medical devices; and the equipment are

kept in perfect working conditions. Corrective Maintenance

Medical equipments are a significant and essential segment

of all human services frameworks. They are presented and used

for persistent conclusion and treatment. These clinical gadgets

must be guarded in condition so as to forestall wounds in

patients and staff [1-3]. As indicated by the World Health

Organization, in the USA in 2010 roughly 412 US dollars were

allocated to clinical gear upkeep [4]. Subsequently, support the

board framework is basic to improve the unwavering quality of

clinical hardware and altogether improve security and cost-

productivity [5]. For instance, appropriate upkeep can build the

life of hardware. Likewise, this procedure guarantees us about

giving proper wellbeing administrations and sparing the rare

assets. In any case, numerous medical clinics and medicinal

services associations don't profit by upkeep greatness [6].

Clinical Equipment Management System (MEMS)

incorporates the hardware stock, a work request framework, the

preventive support plans/methodology, re-appropriating

contract the executives and all assistance history records.

Today, the Clinical and Biomedical Engineering (CE/BME) is

answerable for the social insurance resource the executives and

human services innovation evaluation, clinical staff wellbeing,

fix and upkeep, hazard and security the board, and furthermore

differentiate checking and quality improvement [1-3].

(CM) is repairing and restoration of medical devices that failed

to function. These strategies help hospitals to assess or improve

maintenance, quality and performance. At this point, hospitals

should be considering their capability and situation to apply

best maintenance systems for the large number of different

medical devices in the equipment management processes.

Healthcare organizations should determine the criteria to assess

their medical equipment maintenance management. There is a

lack of specific and precise tool to assess the process of medical

equipment maintenance management in Iranian hospitals.

Hence, we extracted the factors affecting the medical

equipment maintenance management through a systematic

review method [9].

A CMMS is a software package that contains a PC database

of data about an association's support activities. In HTM, the

Corresponding author: Mohammad Lafi Alburaiesi, Ministry of Public Works-Kuwait, Kuwait. Email: lafi_Alburaiesi@zuj.edu.jo

345

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1345-1350

CMMS is utilized to computerize the documentation of all

exercises identifying with clinical gadgets, including gear

arranging, stock administration, restorative and preventive

upkeep methodology, save parts control, administration

agreements, and clinical gadget reviews and cautions. The

gathered information can be broke down and utilized for

innovation the executives, quality affirmation, work request

control and planning of clinical gadgets (3). The choice to

robotize a HTM framework or supplant a current CMMS relies

upon the individual conditions of the wellbeing office,

including working systems, data innovation (IT) foundation

and accessible spending plan. So as to viably aid the

administration and upkeep of clinical hardware, a CMMS

should exhaustively address the issues of the client. Albeit

significant merchants endeavor to build up a framework that all

around addresses the issues of all HTM chiefs, no accessible

framework presents a total arrangement. Most, be that as it

may, can be altered to meet the particular needs of the

wellbeing office. On the other hand, an IT firm can be

contracted to build up a CMMS bundle customized to nearby

necessities. A redid CMMS bundle is commonly increasingly

costly yet on the off chance that very much planned and kept

be liberated from transient twists, for example, voltage spikes,

floods or dropouts; and be dependable, with just uncommon

loss of intensity. Shockingly, these perfect qualities don't

generally exist in many creating nations. Specialized work

force ought to team up with those liable for the electrical force

framework in the human services association to help make the

framework work as adequately as could reasonably be

expected. This may incorporate buying voltage controllers,

introducing uninterruptable force supplies (UPS), utilizing

flood defenders, and abstaining from associating expansion

drives/plug sheets in arrangement. Moreover, specialized

faculty should work with the office staff to guarantee that a

useful back-up generator is set up and that the change to helper

power is made in less than 10 seconds. Another option might

be to choose and buy gear that is battery worked. When

thinking about obtaining new hardware, it is additionally

significant for the specialized staff to guarantee that the

electrical force framework is equipped for supporting it. At the

point when it can't, it frequently bodes well to decide on not so

much advanced but rather stronger equipment [11].

Similarly, technical personnel ought to know about how

clinical gadgets interface with other utility frameworks (for

example clinical gas and vacuum frameworks, temperature

control and ventilation frameworks, water supply, data

innovation and correspondence foundation, and so forth.).

Also, by and by, they ought to team up with others in the

association to improve the capacity of the utility frameworks to

help clinical gear. One of a kind parts of the physical condition,

for example, high temperature and dampness, can

antagonistically influence clinical hardware intended for use in

mild atmospheres or controlled situations. Upkeep strategies in

a specific nation or district may should be balanced dependent

on these nearby factors. The age and state of the human services

up will regularly deliver

progressively acceptable

arrangement that addresses nearby issue. A CMMS can be

utilized to: (a) institutionalize and blend data inside a HTM

Program; (b) aid the arranging and observing of investigation

and preventive upkeep, and calendar and track fixes; (c) screen

gear execution pointers, for example, mean time between

disappointments, down time and upkeep costs for individual or

hardware gatherings of a similar model, type or maker; (d)

screen clinical building staff execution markers, for example,

rehashed fixes by a similar staff part for a similar issue, normal

vacation related with people, and beneficial work time for

people or gatherings; (e) create reports that can be utilized to

design client preparing programs dependent on hardware

disappointment inclines in specific divisions or wellbeing

offices; (f) have libraries of administrative necessities and

wellbeing data; (g) create the proper documentation for

accreditation by administrative and standard associations; (h)

create reports to aid the checking and improvement of the [10].

Figure 1 shows CMMS implementation flow chart

office may likewise assume

a job in clinical gear

disappointment. After some time, utilities frameworks will

debase and may get over-burden and additionally obsolete.

More seasoned offices will have been worked to more

established measures. Indeed, even new offices may not fulfill

every single material rule. Along these lines, it is regularly

important to test the utility foundation as opposed to expect it

is working suitably [11].

Computerized Maintenance Management Systems are

bundled programming apparatuses structured explicitly to help

organizations and support frameworks in upkeep the board.

Most organizations that keep up gear today have a CMMS

being used and there are many economically accessible bundles

to look over. The development and advancement in IT has

prompted an emotional increment in the ability and

accessibility of programming instruments to help upkeep.

Normally,

littler

organizations

utilizing

particular

arrangements are generally happy with their CMMSs. The two

most significant highlights for fruitful usage are simplicity of

adjusting to upkeep procedures and ease of use [12]. CMMS

offers powerlessness of conveying helpful data and ready to

fathom the offices requests over the need support plan. The

essential data, for example, side effect, issue, restorative

activity and unordinary conditions will be refreshed the

significant authentic information for future investigating

endeavors. In this manner, the new framework can play out the

best choice and consequent activity precisely [13]. CMMS can

be utilized to deal with all planned protection support and on

request work orders. Like all CMMS programs, both protection

and on request work orders are booked and followed inside the

framework. Areas, structures, gear, and vehicles are

recognized, stocked, and connected with all work orders.

Routinely planned safeguard upkeep (PM's) work orders are

consequently created and are appointed to support specialists

Figure 1: CMMS implementation flow chart [10]

Factors affecting equipment failures

When investigating an unexplained disappointment,

ecological components ought to be taken into due thought. For

instance, clinical gadgets that require electrical force might be

unfavorably influenced by power issues. Preferably, electrical

force ought to have a consistent voltage (of the proper worth);

346

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1345-1350

dependent on criteria gave by the office chiefs. Request work

orders are commonly one-time occasions, for example, fixes

and produced by staff dependent upon the situation. A work

request stays open until shut by the appointed professional

hence giving responsibility. Work request history, support

patterns, costs, stock, and key execution pointers are observed

and checked on by utilization of continuous reports [14].

CMMS is presently reasonable and an unquestionable

requirement have innovation stage for proprietors and

occupiers of land coming about in: (a) increased inhabitant

fulfillment through Internet-based work request demands; (c)

procurement of administrations that gives serious offering to

outsider administrations, to incorporate little and capital

undertaking conveyance; (d) owner certainty that their

advantage is being figured out how to the best quality of care

and now how does CMMS vary from customary property and

office the board? (e) facility/property the board staff doesn't

approach innovation apparatuses and preparing that expands

profitability and disposes of re-work; (g) computerized upkeep

the executives frameworks (CMMS) are commonly exclusive

as well as permit expenses restrict use for medium to little

structure proprietors; (h) our innovation is worked around lean

work processes that diminishes the requirement for director

commitment and speeds up administration conveyance; (i)

vendor the executives is incorporated with the innovation that

screens work request reaction times, expanding occupant

fulfillment versus trusting that a supervisor will finish the

solicitation (g) financial controls help diminish working costs

and guarantee merchant work demands are finished inside

spending plan [15].

the number from every subgroup and including or subtracting

a factor dependent on hardware disappointment history yields

the equipment management (EM) number.

EM # = Function # + Application # + Maintenance # + History

(1)

To such an extent that all gadgets with an all-out EM

number of at least 12 will be remembered for the Program and

planned for investigations and preventive upkeep. During the

acknowledgment testing, any new gadget will be remembered

for the Program if the gadget has been recently assessed and

order for incorporation. In the event that the gadget has not

been recently assessed, another gadget grouping will be made.

It will be assessed by the delineated technique to create an EM

number and will be remembered for the program if suitable.

Whenever included, a presentation affirmation assessment and

preventive upkeep strategy will be composed for the new

gadget [18]. Function scores can be calculated by Table 1.

Application scores can be calculated by Table 2. Maintenance

scores can be calculated by Table 3. History scores can be

calculated by Table 4.

Table 1: Function scores

Computerized Mechanized Maintenance Management

Systems-CMMS will defeat such issues and offers a quick

reaction observing framework, ongoing crisis support

framework for machines and types of gear and solid and precise

framework for disappointment checking of types of gear.

CMMS are utilized for all parts of support arranging, the

executives and control. CMMS must be adaptable and versatile,

in light of the fact that each firm is viewed as extraordinary.

CMMS is a product bundle intended to oversee high volumes

of advantage data, it emphatically underpins the

accompanying: Agency strategies and methods, Equipment

information, Work request control, Preventative upkeep

rehearses, lastly Materials control [16, 23]. Another meaning of

Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) is a

product item that assist organizations with running their upkeep

tasks proficiently. With these frameworks, organizations can

design preventive upkeep, oversee remedial support, track

machine hours, tires and different consumables, screen

guarantee periods, track work and fuel costs and oversee stock.

Further developed CMMS frameworks incorporate likewise

with other organization capacities, for example, venture

arranging, resourcing, and bookkeeping [17,22, and 24].

Clinical types of equipments are a significant and essential

segment of all human services frameworks. They are presented

and used for medical persistent determination and treatment.

These clinical gadgets must be guarded in condition so as to

forestall wounds in patients and staff [19, 20, and 21].

Table 2: Application scores

Table 3: Maintenance scores

Methodology

3.2 Maintenance interval

.1 Developed Model

The maintenance requirement values are also used to

determine the interval between each inspection and

maintenance procedure for each device type. All devices

classified as extensive (characteristic value of 4 or 5) are given

a preventive maintenance interval of six months. While

Devices with average or minimal requirements (values of 3, 2

or 1) are scheduled for preventive maintenance annually. On

the other hand, Devices with an EM number of 15 or above will

For Risk-based biomedical hardware, the board program is

created Equipment consideration criteria have been created to

assess each bit of gear being used at a medical clinic or

wellbeing office. The accompanying subtleties an adjusted

variant of the Smith model (see reference 6) where a numerical

worth has been relegated to every gadget type by ordering its

gear work, clinical application and required upkeep. Including

347

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1345-1350

be scheduled for inspection at least every six months. Finally,

Devices with an EM number of 19 or 20 will be given an

inspection interval of four months [18].

[18]. Table 5 shows the data of some devices (collected from

literature) which will be used to calculate the EM number and

then classify the devices under considerations. After determine

the devices that need a maintenance operations we should

construct a CMMS model for such devices by the following

order: in Step one inter to the CMMS software and inter the

data required for the two sites, Figure 3 shows the main screen

of the CMMS software. The data entered to CMMS software

including four main parts. In step two assigning specification

for each item. Each item be maintained has a specification

includes: its maintenance requirements, dates and its priority

and other information. In step three constructing work orders

for each item. Using CMMS SW maintenance work orders can

be assigned for each item. Then finally the CMMS can give a

summary for the device operating and downtimes during a

specific period. Figure 4 shows a sample of such summary.

The results show that all operating devices working in

healthcare systems should be ready to use in all healthcare

situation specially in emergency cases, the EM number is a

good tool to specify the need of the device to be inspected, and

also maintained and what are required to be ready in use. And

also it determine the frequency of inspections.

Table 4: History scores

Results and Discussion

.1 Devices not included in the program

All patient care-related equipment including therapeutic,

monitoring, diagnostic or analytical equipment not included in

the program, because it did not receive an EM number of 12 or

above, may still be included in the hospital’s biomedical

equipment inventory and be covered on a repair-only basis

Table 5 EM# for some selected devices

Eq. Eq. Eq.

Function Application Maintenance History

Eq.

Inspection

frequency

Device

EM#

Class

Cardiac Output Comp.

Blood Warmer

Fetal Monitor

Humidifier

Light source

Microscope

-2

I: Included, N: Not included, A: Annual, T: Three-yearly, S: Semi-annual

EM# and I/N and Inspection Frequency of studied devices

EM Included/Nonincluded Frequency

Cardiac

OutputComp.

Blood Warmer

Fetal Monitor

Humidifire

Light Source

Microscope

Devices

Figure 2: Equipment Maintenance Number and status and transactions for some studied devices

348

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1345-1350

Figure 3: Main screen of CMMS

Figure 4: Summary of availability state and downtime of the device

of figures, competing interests and compliance with policies on

research ethics. Authors adhere to publication requirements

that submitted work is original and has not been published

elsewhere in any language.

Conclusions

This paper discussed application of CMMS on healthcare

and medical devices maintenance systems. The first step is to

know or assess which devices need maintenance by determine

equipment maintenance number which is used to classify the

device if it needs maintenance or not. Then using some CMMS

software or application in entering data of devices or systems

and by following the commands step-by-step to construct a

CMMS system for each plant or system, this will simplify the

monitoring and inspections and maintenance operations which

increasing availability of the device and decreasing downtime.

Competing interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest that

would prejudice the impartiality of this scientific work.

Authors’ contribution

All authors of this study have a complete contribution for

data collection, data analyses and manuscript writing.

Ethical issue

Authors are aware of, and comply with, best practice in

publication ethics specifically with regard to authorship

(avoidance of guest authorship), dual submission, manipulation

349

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2020, Volume 8, Issue 4, Pages: 1345-1350

References

[

1] Lenel A, Temple-Bird C, Kawohl W, Kaur M. How to organize a

system of healthcare technology management. Geneva: World

Health Organization. 2005.

[

2] David Y, Jahnke EG. Planning hospital medical technology

management. IEEE Eng Med Biol Mag. 2004;23(3):73-79.

3] David Y, Judd TM. Management and Assessment of Medical

Technology, Clinical Engineering (Principles and Applications in

Engineering). CRC, New York. 2003.

[

4] Pammolli F, Riccaboni M, Oglialoro C, Magazzini L, Baio G,

Salerno N. Medical devices competitiveness and impact on public

health expenditure. 2005.

5] Hamdi N, Oweis R, Abu Zraiq H, Abu Sammour D. An intelligent

healthcare management system: a new approach in work-order

prioritization for medical equipment maintenance requests. J Med

Syst. 2012;36(2):557-67.

[

6] Ginsburg G. Human factors engineering: A tool for medical device

evaluation in hospital procurement decision-making. J. Biomed.

Inform. 2005;38(3):213-9.

7] Wang ZH. Application Research on the Internet in the Management

of Medical Equipment Maintenance. Applied Mechanics and

Materials. Trans Tech Publ. 2014;651:1535-1538.

[

8] Basiony M. Computerized equipment management system. J Clin

Eng. 2013;38:178-84.

9] Bahreini R, Doshmangir L, Imani A. Affecting Medical Equipment

Maintenance Management: A Systematic Review. Journal of

Clinical & Diagnostic Research. 2018 Apr 1;12(4).

[

10] WHO. Computerized maintenance management system, WHO

Medical device technical series report. Switzerland.

11] Mukattash A, Fouad RH, Kitan H, Samhouri M. Computer-Aided

Maintenance Planning System for Industrial Companies. Jordan

Journal of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering. 2011 Jun 1;5(3).

12] Laurila J. Developing Computerized Maintenance Management

System. Master thesis. Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied

Sciences. 2017.

[

13] Ismail ZA, Kasim N. Improving maintenance management

practices on conventional method at Malaysian polytechnic. 2012.

14] Port of new port. Facilities Maintenance & Operations Plan. 2016.

www.portofnewport.com.

15] Norris J. Computerized maintenance management systems

(CMMS). Indianapolis, IN 46240. 2017. www.colliers.com.

16] Jafarnejad A, Soufi M, Bayati A. Prioritizing Critical Barriers of

Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) by

Fuzzy Multi Attribute Decision Making (F-MADM)(Using LFPP).

Kuwait Chapter of the Arabian Journal of Business and

Management Review. 2014 Nov 1;4(3):11.

[

17] Mutia D, Kihiu J, Maranga S. Developing an In-house

Computerized Maintenance Management System for Hospitals.

Industrial Engineering Letters. 2012;2(3):1-9.

[

18] WHO. Medical equipment maintenance program overview, WHO

Medical device technical series. Switzerland

19] Lenel A, Temple-Bird C, Kawohl W, Kaur M. How to organize a

system of [1]healthcare technology management. Geneva: World

Health Organization. 2005.

[

20] David Y, Jahnke EG. Planning hospital medical technology

management. IEEE [2]Eng Med Biol Mag. 2004;23(3):73-79.

21] David Y, Judd TM. Management and Assessment of Medical

Technology, [3]Clinical Engineering (Principles and Applications

in Engineering). CRC, New York. 2003.

[

22] Ahmad I, Ahmad S. The Mediation Effect Of Strategic Planning

On The Relationship Between Business Skills And Firm’s

Performance: Evidence From Medium Enterprises in Punjab,

Pakistan. Opcion. 2019;35(24):746-78.

[

23] Ahmad I, Ahmad S. Multiple Skills and Medium Enterprises’

Performance in Punjab Pakistan: A Pilot Study. Journal of Social

Sciences Research. 2018;Special, (4):44-9.

24] Ahmad, I., Sahar. Waste Management Analysis From Economic

Environment Sustainability Perspective. International Journal Of

Scientific & Technology Research. 2019; 8(12), 1540-1543.

350