The Impact of Moringa Leaves, Katuk Leaves and Oxytocin Massage on Quantity and Quality of Mother's Milk as Patients Health Center in Bali

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2021, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages: 275-279

J. Environ. Treat. Tech.

ISSN: 2309-1185

Journal web link: http://www.jett.dormaj.com

https://doi.org/10.47277/JETT/9(1)279

The Impact of Moringa Leaves, Katuk Leaves and

Oxytocin Massage on Quantity and Quality of

Mother's Milk as Patients Health Center in Bali

Ni Putu Mastiningsih

Midwifery, Health Institute of Bina Usada Bali, Tegal Luwih Road, Dalung, Badung, 80361, Bali, Indonesia

Received: 09/09/2020

Accepted: 13/11/2020

Published: 20/03/2021

Abstract

The problem of breastfeeding is part of the problem of discomfort in postpartum mothers for 2 hours after giving birth. This problem

often causes trauma to postpartum mothers during breastfeeding, psychological disturbances, and increases morbidity in the mother and baby

due to inadequate breast milk. The practice of Oxytocin massage, Moringa leaves and Katuk leaves at the same time can improve the quantity

and quality of breast milk in maternal patients with 36-40 weeks' gestation. This type of research is quantitative research. Respondents

numbered 30 were selected by determining purposive sampling in each group consisting of 10 mothers. Data were analyzed using a Paired

t-test and Independent sample t-test with an α level of 0.05. The results showed that there was an increase in the quantity of breastfeeding.

On the 3rd day, the quantity of breast milk with volume of 45 cc. In the week I with a volume of 10.50 cc, week II 86.50 cc, week III 168.50

cc and week IV as much as 275 cc. It shows that there are differences in quality on days 3 to week IV. The results of data analysis also

showed that the 3rd day the quality of breast milk is rather yellow and rather thick, then the first week to the third week rather yellow and

thin. At week IV, the quality of breast milk is white and runny. There is an increase in the quality and quantity of breast milk in all three

groups.

Keywords: Breast Milk; Postpartum; Patients Health Center

during growth. The substance component is a determinant of

Introduction

quality and sustainability [15, 16]. Besides aiming to produce

quality breast milk, breast care also aims to prevent breast

problems during lactation.

Uniqueness is something that is interesting to look at [1-9].

Women are the most unique creatures of God. Women

experience menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, and

breastfeeding. The task and role of women as mothers is

breastfeeding. That breast milk is more important than formula

milk [10]. Both tasks and roles require different treatments for

something deemed important [11, 12]. Therefore, it is very

important for a mother to take care of and take care of her breasts

properly. Good and proper breast care during lactation is very

necessary because it will cause the mother to feel safe and

comfortable so that the mother can breastfeed her baby well [13].

Breast care must be done since pregnancy to produce quality

breast milk and the sustainability of exclusive breast milk and

the prevention of breastfeeding problems.

Preparation and treatment are needed in the context of

interventions to improve the quality of breast milk [14]. To

produce quality breast milk with smooth production requires

various efforts that must be done. One of them by taking care of

the breasts alternately, 2 times a day, and through the fulfillment

of maternal nutrition adequacy. Nutritional requirements during

pregnancy greatly affect the continuity of the mother and baby

The breastfeeding problems can affect the health and

nutritional adequacy of their babies [17]. This breastfeeding

problem is often caused by the wrong way of breastfeeding,

mother's level of knowledge about breast care is still lacking,

mothers who are less motivated or have the desire to care for

breasts, mother's work and nutritional needs of mothers are not

good. in pregnancy and the puerperium. Genealogy of problems

for certain circles is influenced by aspects of knowledge, culture,

and circumstances [18]. As breastfeeding problems are often

experienced by primiparous mothers or mothers who have no

experience caring for babies and herself during pregnancy and

breastfeeding.

Breast care is an action carried out by the mother directly or

assisted by others which are carried out starting in the third

trimester of pregnancy or >28 weeks until the end of

breastfeeding. In addition to getting maternal care, mothers

should always be in a relaxed condition so that it can increase

the hormone prolactin which stimulates the expenditure of breast

Corresponding author: M’hamed Sadiq, Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal, Research Group in Environmental Sciences

and Applied Materials (SEMA), FP Khouribga, B.P. 145, 25000 Khouribga, Morocco. Tel: +212 666 24 81 96; Fax: +212 523 49 03 54, E-

mail: m.sadiq@usms.ma ; sadiqmhamed@hotmail.com

275

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2021, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages: 275-279

milk. Steps that can be taken to improve breast care are by

providing information and counseling to pregnant women when

doing antenatal care in preparation for breastfeeding their babies,

procedures for cleaning the mother's nipples, abstinence from

food during pregnancy and after delivery, procedures for

pumping milk mother for mother work as preparation for breast

milk for the baby when she returns to work and the proper way

of breastfeeding including regulating the duration and frequency

of breastfeeding through counseling, home counseling,

posyandu, distributing leaflets and training health cadres to

provide information and how to wean the nursing mother and

teach the nursing mother how to breastfeed properly so that the

mother can provide exclusive breast milk to her baby. The

exclusive breastfeeding is of great benefit to the health of infants

massage, 10 people were given Moringa leaves, and 10 people

were given Katuk leaves which were processed into

vegetables/side dishes.

Results

.1 Quantity Of Mother's Milk On Day 3

Based on the results of the sample diversity test (normality

and homogeneity of the data) that from the results indicated

normal and homogeneous data distribution with p-value F (0.05)

is 3.35 which means 3.35> 0.05 so that the data is normally

distributed.

Table 1: Quantity of Mother's Milk on Day 3

Sources of Degrees of Quadrate variety F-count F- α (0,05)

[

19]. It is necessary to improve the volume of breast milk quality

Diversity Freedom

Amount

3555.0

1262.0

4817.5

to be able to increase the level of infant acceptance of

breastfeeding [20]. Based on these problems, the researchers are

interested in conducting research on comparison of Oxytocin

Massage, giving Moringa leaves and Katuk leaves on the

quantity and quality of breast milk for mothers of 36-40 weeks

gestational age who are preposition as patients of Abiansemal IV

Health Center, Badung, Bali. In certain areas, degrees are

indicative of a position [21, 22]. The health status of a country

can be determined by the indicators of Maternal Mortality Rate

Treatment 2.

1777.5 38.014 3.35

46.76

Galat

27.^b

29.^b

.2 Quantity Of Mother's Milk On Week I

Based on the results of the sample diversity test (normality

and homogeneity of the data) that from the results indicated

normal and homogeneous data distribution with p-value F (0.05)

is 10.47 which means 10.47> 0.05 so that the data is normally

distributed.

(

MMR) and Infant Mortality Rate (IMR). The Sustainable

Table 2: Quantity of Mother's Milk at Week I

Sources of Degrees of Quadrate

Development Goals (SDGs) target that will be achieved is to

reduce child mortality by the indicator, which is to decrease the

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) to 12 / 1,000 live births in 2030 and

reduce the MMR of 70 / 100,000 live births. The incidence of

breast milk dams in Indonesia reaches 66%. The problem of

breast milk dams is only 4% for mothers who have lost their

babies [23]. Based on pre-survey in the Work Area of

Abiansemal IV Health Center in Badung Regency, Bali Province

shows that breast problems in breastfeeding mothers 75%

experience breast milk disruption on the first and second day,

postpartum so that the mother's breasts are swollen. Based on the

last description, then the problem can be formulated, How to

Comparison of Oxytocin Massage, Giving Moringa Leaves and

Katuk Leaves to the Quantity and Quality of ASI for mothers

aged 36-40 weeks of pregnancy as patients of Abiansemal IV

Health Center in Badung Regency, Bali Province.

variety

F-count F- α (0,05)

Diversity Freedom

Amount

7145

3522,5

10667,5

Treatmentt 2.

3572,5

Galat

27.^b

130,463

27, 383 10.47

₂₉_.b

.3 Quantity Of Mother's Milk On Week II

Based on the results of the sample diversity test (normality

and homogeneity of data) that the results can be shown normal

and homogeneous data distribution with p-value F (0.05) is 3.35

which means 3.35> 0.05 so that the data is normally distributed.

Table 3: Quantity of Mother's Milk at Week II

Sources of Degrees of Quadrate

variety F-count F- α (0,05)

Diversity Freedom

Amount

Treatment 2.^a

1985

1795

3780

992,5

66,481

14,929 3,35

Materials and Methods

Type indicates the specification of something [24, 25]. This

Galat

27.

29.^b

type of research is quantitative research. This study used a quasi-

experimental design with a post-test control group design. The

study population was all third-trimester pregnant women who

visited the working area of Puskesmas IV, Jembrana Regency,

Bali Province. The sample is part of the population [26]. The

research sample determined by purposive sampling. In

particular, the sample in this study is part of the population that

has been calculated by the researcher using the calculation of the

number of research samples studied by meeting the research

criteria. The sample in this study was third-trimester primiparous

pregnant women who visited Abiansemal IV Community Health

Center and had met the inclusion criteria. The number of samples

used was 30 people. Primary data were collected using a

questionnaire at the Abiansemal IV Community Health Center,

Jembrana, Bali and all secondary data collected through

literature studies on maternal health. All data analyzed

quantitatively. Where 10 people were treated for oxytocin

.4 Quantity Of Mother's Milk On Week III

Based on the results of the sample diversity test (normality

and homogeneity of the data) that from the results indicated

normal and homogeneous data distribution with p-value F (0.05)

is 13.26 which means 13.26> 0.05 so that the data is normally

distributed.

3.5 Quantity Of Mother's Milk On Week IV

Based on the results of the sample diversity test (normality

and homogeneity of data) that the results showed normal and

homogeneous data distribution with p-value F (0.05) is 3.984

which means 3.984> 0.05 so that the data is normally distributed.

Table 4: Quantity of Mother's Milk at Week III

276

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2021, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages: 275-279

Sources of Degrees of

Diversity Freedom

Treatment 2.^a

Galat

Total

Quadrate

Amount

20171,67

5652,5

variety

F-count F- α

(0,05)

48,18 13,26

much as 159 cc which means an increase in the quantity of breast

milk every week. The volume of breast milk quality can increase

significantly on the 7th day after consultation during the therapy

process [31]. Based on the quality of breast milk that there is a

difference in quality on day 3 to week-IV where the results of

data analysis show that when entering day 3, the quality of breast

milk is rather yellow, and rather thick with an average of 2.80 cc

then weeks I through IV an average of 3.8 cc which means that

the breast milk is rather yellow and runny.

The results of the research confirmed that Moringa Leaves,

Katuk Leaves, and Oxytocin Massage therapies affected the

changes in the quantity of breast milk and changes in the quality

of breast milk for Abiansemal IV Health Center patients in

Badung Regency, Bali Province. Changes in the volume of

breast milk quality occurred significantly since pregnant women

as patients undergo therapy using Katuk Leaves. This is in line

with the allegations in this research, the impact of giving each

Moringa Leaves therapy, Katuk Leaves, and Oxytocin Massage

is able to increase the quantity and quality of breast milk of

Abiansemal IV Health Center patients in Badung Regency, Bali

Province.

10085,83

209,35

27.^b

29.^b

25824,17

Table 5: Quantity of Mother's Milk at Week IV

Sources of

Diversity

Treatment

Galat

Degrees of Quadrate

Variety

F-count F- α

Freedom Amount

(0,05)

67706,667

50990

118696,667

33853,333 17,926 39,84

1888,519

₂₇_.b

₂₉_.b

Galat

Discussion

A supplementary nutrition program specifically for women

and infants could harm breast milk transmission [27]. On the

contrary, the results of this study prove that by giving Oxytocin

massage therapy, Moringa leaves and Katuk leaves can increase

the volume and appearance of breast milk. The need for health

assistance in the process of breastfeeding to reduce the problem

of social and ethnic disparity [28]. The results of the research in

three research groups involving 30 samples by the research

hypothesis and research objectives can be discussed narratively

based on the results of the research table as follows.

Conclusion

.Achieving improvements in maternal breast milk can produce

There was an increase in the quantity of breast milk in the

parental satisfaction as well as trust and social support for the

source of the health therapy process [29]. Knowing the quality

and quantity of breast milk during lactation after being given

oxytocin massage as therapy to mothers of 36-40 weeks'

gestation. Based on the results of data analysis that the quantity

of breast milk is measured on the 3rd day, week I, II, III and IV

which have been tested for normality of data so that the data are

normally distributed on the 3rd day the quantity of breast milk

with an average volume 20 cc, in week I with a volume of 86 cc,

week II 86.50 cc, week III 113 cc and week IV as much as 225

cc which means an increase in the quantity of breast milk every

week. If using domperidone, an increase in the volume of breast

milk could increase by 88.3 ml/day (95% CL 56.8-119.8) [30].

group of women who received oxytocin massage on the 3rd day

the quantity of breast milk with an average volume of 20 cc, on

week I with a volume of 86 cc, week II had a volume of 86.50

cc, week III had a volume 113 cc and 225 weeks IV, which can

be explained that there has been an increase in the quantity of

breast milk every week and the quality of breast milk that occurs

does not show an increase in the quality of breast milk. An

increase in the quantity of breast milk in mothers Katuk leaf

group entered the 3rd day, week I, II, III and IV that have been

tested for normality of data so that the data are normally

distributed. On the 3rd day the quantity of breast milk with an

average volume of 45 cc, in the first week with a volume of 10.50

cc, the second week had a volume of 86.50 cc, week III had a

volume of 168.50 cc and the fourth week was 275 cc means there

has been an increase in the quantity of Mother's Milk every

week. In the quality of breast milk that there is a difference in

quality on day 3 to week IV where in the results of data analysis

that the 3rd day the quality of breast milk is slightly yellow in

color and the quality is rather thick with an average of 3.80 cc

then the week to I to III averaged a volume of 4.9 cc which means

that the breast milk is rather yellow and runny and at week IV,

the quality of breast milk is white and runny with an average of

5.0. Quantity of breastfeeding is measured on the 3rd day, week

I, II, III and IV which have been tested for normality of the data,

so the data is normally distributed. On the 3rd day the quantity

of breast milk has an average volume of 26 cc, in week I with a

volume of 86 cc, week II has a volume of 86 cc, week III has a

volume of 114 cc and week IV has 159 cc which means that there

has been an increase in water quantity mother's milk every week.

In relation to the quality of breast milk, it can be stressed that

there are differences in quality on days 3 to week IV where the

results of data analysis show that breast milk quality is rather

yellow and rather thick with an average volume of 2.80 cc then

weeks I through IV an average of 3.8 cc which means that the

breast milk is rather yellow and runny. It can be seen that there

is a significant relationship between giving Katuk leaves to the

quantity and quality of breast milk. The quantity and quality of

.Knowing the quality and quantity of breast milk during

lactation after given Moringa leaves on mothers 36-40 weeks'

gestation. Based on the results of data analysis that the quantity

of breast milk is measured on the 3rd day, week I, II, III and IV

which have been tested for normality of data so that the data are

normally distributed on the 3rd day the quantity of breast milk

with an average volume 45 cc, in week I with a volume of 10.50

cc, week II 86.50 cc, week III 168.50 cc and week IV as much

as 275 cc which means an increase in the quantity of breast milk

every week. Based on the quality of breast milk that there are

differences in quality on day 3 to week IV where in the results

of data analysis that day 3 the quality of breast milk is rather

yellow, and rather thick with an average of 3.80 cc and then week

I to III an average of 4.9 cc which means it is rather yellow and

runny. At week IV, the quality of milk is white and runny with

an average of 5.0 cc.

.Knowing the production of breast milk during lactation after

given Katuk leaves to mothers aged 36-40 weeks gestation.

Based on the results of data analysis that the quantity of breast

milk is measured on the 3rd day, week I, II, III and IV which

have been tested for normality of data so that the data are

normally distributed on the 3rd day the quantity of breast milk

with an average volume an average of 26 cc, in week I with a

volume of 86 cc, week II 86 cc, week III 114 cc and week IV as

277

Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques

2021, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages: 275-279

breast milk also seems to increase after being given Moringa

leaves and Oxytocin massage.

Migrants : An Exploratory Study. Public Health Nutrition, 2016;

9(16): 3007-3016.

[

11]Arniati, Ida Ayu Komang, Gede Marhaendra Wija Atmaja, Gede

Yoga Kharisma Pradana. Moral and Religious Values in The

Geguritan Dharma Prawerti Song in Bali. International Journal of

Innovation, Creativity and Change, 2020; 12(1): 432-446.

[12]Dharmika, Ida Bagus, Gede Yoga Kharisma Pradana, Ni Made

Ruastiti. Forest Conservation With The Basis Of Customary Village

and Religion Rules in Bali. International Journal of Advanced

Science and Technology, 2020; 29(8): 571-579.

Aknowledgment

Thanks to the Puskesmas IV Jembarana Bali and the patients

involved in this research.

Ethical issue

Authors adhere to the publication requirements that the

submitted work is original and has not been published elsewhere

in any language.

[13]Prawirohardjo, Sarwono. Buku Panduan Praktis Pelayanan

Kontrasepsi Edisi 3. Jakarta

: PT. Bina Pustaka Sarwono

Prawirohardjo. Jakarta, 2012: 300 pages.

[

14]Leeman, Kristen T., Kimberly Brabas, Julia Strauss, Shannon

Adams, Karen Sussman-Karten, Alyssa Kelly, Margaret G. K.

Parker, Anne Hansen. Improving Access to Lactation Consultation

and Early Breast Milk Use in an Outborn NICU. Pediatric Quality

and Safety, 2019; 4(1): 2-7.

Competing interests

The author states that there is no conflict of interest in this

scientific work.

[

15]Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma, I Nyoman Suarka, Anak Agung

Bagus Wirawan, I Nyoman Dhana. Religious Ideology of The

Tradition of The Makotek in The Era of Globalization. Electronic

Journal of Cultural Studies, 2016; 9(1): 6-10.

Authors’ contribution

The authors of this research have a complete contribution to

scriptwriting.

[16]Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma. Filsafat Ilmu Pariwisata. STPBI.

Denpasar, 2017a; 117 pages.

[

17]Grzeskowiak, L., L. Smithers, L. Amir, R. Grivella. Domperidone

for Increasing Breast Milk Volume in Mothers Expressing Breast

Milk for Their Preterm Infants : a Systematic Review and Meta-

Analysis. An International Journal of Obsterics and Gynaecology,

References

[

1] Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma. Deconstruction Powers of Relations

Behind The Shadow Puppet Performance For Tourism in Ubud

Village, Bali. Paper presented at the Building Collaboration and

Networking in Globalized World, 2017, 1: 115-124. Denpasar:

UNUD Press.

018;125(1):1371-1378. doi : 10.1111/1471-0528.15177.

[

18]Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma. Diskursus Fenomena Hamil di Luar

Nikah dalam Pertunjukan Wayang Joblar. Online Journal of Cultural

Studies, 2012; 1(2): 11-27.

[

2] Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma. Implications of Commodified

Parwa Shadow Puppet Performance For Tourism in Ubud, Bali.

Journal of Business on Hospitality and Tourism, 2018; 4(1): 70-79.

doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/jbhost.v4i1.103.g111.

[

19]Kalluri, Nikita S., Burnham, Laura A, Lopera, Adriana M., Stickney,

Donna M., Combs, Ginny L, Levesque, Bernadette M, Philipp,

Barbara L, Parker, Margaret G. A Quality Improvement Project to

Increase Mother’s Milk Use in an Inner-City NICU. Pediatric

[

3] Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma, I Wayan Pantiyasa. Makotek As

Tourist Attraction in Munggu Village. Paper presented at the

International Conference on Tourism, Gastronomy and Tourist

Destination (ICTGTD), 2018,2: 10-18. Jakarta : Atlantis Press.

4] Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma Pradana. Innovation in Cenk Blonk

Performance : A Strategy of Empowering Local Language Through

Balinese Shadow Puppet. Paper Presented at the International

Conference on Local Language, 2018a, 1:173-182. Denpasar :

UNUD Press.

Quality

and

Safety,

2019;4(5):1-8.

doi

0.1097/pq9.0000000000000204.

[

20]Fugate, Karen, Ivonne Hernandez, Terri Ashmeade, Branko

Miladinovic, Diane L. Spatz. Improving Human Milk and

Breastfeeding Practice in the NICU. Journal of Obstetric,

Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 2015;44(3): 426-438. doi:

https://doi.org/10.111/1552-6909.12563.

[

21]Atmaja, Gede Marhaendra Wija, Ida Ayu Komang Arniati, Gede

Yoga Kharisma Pradana. Implications of The Enacment of Law

Number 6 of 2014 on The Position of Villages in Bali, Indonesia.

Asia Life Sciences, 2019; 28(2): 295-310.

[

5] Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma Pradana. (2018b). The Meaning of

Makotek Tradition at The Munggu Village on The Global Era. Paper

presented at the International Bali Hinduism, Tradition and

Intereligious Studies, 2018b,1:122-128. Denpasar : UNUD Press.

6] Rai, I Wayan, Made Indra Sadguna, I Gde Agus Jaya Sadguna, Gede

Yoga Kharisma Pradana. Tifa From The Land of Papua : Text and

Context. Asia Life Sciences, 2019; 28(2): 335-354.

[

22]Tejayadi, Putu Windhu, I Nengah Laba, Gede Yoga Kharisma

Pradana. The Effect of Organizational Culture on Employee

Satisfaction in Mercure Resort Sanur Bali Hotel. The International

Journal of Green Tourism Research and Applications, 2019;1(1):

[

3-72.

7] Ruastiti, Ni Made, Gede Yoga Kharisma Pradana, I Gusti Ketut

Purnaya, Komang Shanty Muni Parwati. The Royal Dinner Party

Puri Anyar Kerambitan Tabanan : A Sustainable Cultural Tourism

Attraction Based on Local Community. Paper Presented at the 1st

International Conference on Social Science, Education and

Humanities, 2018, 1:1448-1459. Nusa Dua: Atlantis Press.

[23]Depkes RI. Profil Kesehatan Tahun 2016. Jakarta : Dinas Kesehatan

Kota Surabaya. Jakarta, 2016; 76 pages.

[

24]Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma, Komang Shanty Muni Parwati.

Local-Wisdom-Based Spa Tourism in Ubud Village of Bali,

Indonesia. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic

Sciences, 2017; 8(68): 188-196. doi: 10.18551/rjoas.2017-08.22.

25]Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma. Sosiologi Pariwisata. STPBI Press.

Denpasar, 2019; 88 pages.

[

8] Pradana, Gede Yoga Kharisma, Komang Trisna Pratiwi Arcana.

Balinese Traditional Homestay in a Sustainable Tourism Entering

Millennial Era. Journal of Xi’an University of Architecture &

[

26]Sugiyono. Metodologi Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R &D.

Alfabeta. Bandung, 2009; 464 pages.

27]Scott, Allison, Marilou Shreve, Britni Ayers, Pearl Ana McElfish.

Breast-Feeding Perceptions, Beliefs and Experiences of Marshallese

Technology,

https://doi.org/10.37896/JXAT12.03/367.

2020;

12(3):

4208-4217.

doi:

[9] Ruastiti, Ni Made, Gede Yoga Kharisma Pradana. The Ideology

Behind Sesandaran Dance Show in Bali. Journal of Sociology and

Migrants : An Exploratory Study. Public Health Nutrition,

016;19(16): 3007-3016.

Social

Anthropology,

2020;

11(2):

78-85.

doi:

0.31901/24566764.2020/11.1-2.348.

[

28]Kalluri, Nikita S., Burnham, Laura A, Lopera, Adriana M., Stickney,

Donna M., Combs, Ginny L, Levesque, Bernadette M, Philipp,

Barbara L, Parker, Margaret G. A Quality Improvement Project to

[10]Scott, Allison, Marilou Shreve, Britni Ayers, Pearl Ana McElfish.

Breast-Feeding Perceptions, Beliefs and Experiences of Marshallese

278